Brachytherapy
Conditions
Keywords
valsalva maneuver, control, pain, spinal injection
Brief summary
The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Valsalva maneuver as non pharmacological approach and control in reducing pain during spinal injection.
Detailed description
This was an experimental study on 70 subjects with 35 subjects treated with Valsalva maneuver and 35 subjects treated as control from January to April 2019. Research subjects were female who underwent brachytherapy for the first time with spinal anesthesia. The effectiveness in reducing pain was assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and patient movement during the surgery.
Interventions
OTHERValsalva maneuver
pressure during Valsalva maneuver was measure using sphygmomanometer
OTHERControl
patient was not given any intervention
Sponsors
Indonesia University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* patients underwent elective surgery using spinal anesthesia * patients who have not undergone spinal anesthesia before * Physical status ASA I or II * Signing informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* have a spinal anesthesia history * contraindicated for spinal anesthesia * subjects who cannot do Valsalva to 30mmHg pressure for 20 seconds * have a allergic history to local anesthetics or opioid drugs
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain measurement during injection with VAS score | 30 seconds | Pain degree was measured with VAS score \[0 equals to no pain whereas 10 equals to the maximum pain\] |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Patient movement | 30 seconds | Investigator observes patient movement during the first spinal injection |
Countries
Indonesia
Outcome results
None listed