Cannabis Use
Conditions
Keywords
Social Media
Brief summary
The purpose of the study is to develop and test social media interventions to help young people increase well-being and reduce risky behaviors. The study will help researchers learn about ways to deliver wellness information in a way that is appealing and helpful to young people who use Facebook.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSocial Media Intervention
Information will be posted by e-coaches. You can interact with the e-coaches as well as other study members in your group.
Sponsors
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
University of Michigan
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* self-report using cannabis at least 3 time per week or more often in the past month * active Facebook profile * view and click on a social media ad
Exclusion criteria
* fail identity verification based on 1) Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, 2) survey time completion, 3) repeat attempts, 4) survey responses, and 5) photo identification via a timestamped selfie sent to the research staff.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 3-months post baseline | 30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of cannabis use. |
| Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 3-months post baseline | 30-day Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) self-report will be used to assess quantity (grams) of cannabis consumed. |
| Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire Using Dichotomous Response Scale as Previously Described Throughout This Trial Registration. | 3-months post-baseline | Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month consequences of cannabis use. Consequences are measured by report of number of times incidents from the list of 26 items (e.g., quality of work suffered, had less energy, etc.) resulted from cannabis use. Responses will be dichotomized (0 = never, 1= greater than never) and summed for a total score reflecting total number of consequences. Response scale: Never 1-2 times 3-5 times 6-10 times More than 10 times Minimum score =0, maximum = 26. Higher score = more consequences. |
| Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire | 6-months post-baseline | Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month consequences of cannabis use. Consequences are measured by report of number of times incidents from the list of 26 items (e.g., quality of work suffered, had less energy, etc.) resulted from cannabis use. Responses will be dichotomized (0 = never, 1= greater than never) and summed for a total score reflecting total number of consequences. Response scale: Never 1-2 times 3-5 times 6-10 times More than 10 times Minimum score =0, maximum = 26. Higher score = more consequences. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 3 months post-baseline | Items from the Monitoring the Future Survey will be used to assess past 30 day use of 6 other substances - substances used and number of times of use. Response values will be summed for a total score using mid-point of the range scoring. Substances assessed include: hallucinogens, opioids, stimulants, sedatives, lsd, ecstasy Response scale: 0 0 Occasions 1. 1-2 Occasions 2. 3-5 Occasions 3. 6-9 Occasions 4. 10-19 Occasions 5. 20-39 Occasions 6. 40 or More Occasions |
| Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by 2 Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 3-months post-baseline | Two items rating current opinion on a scale from no risk to great risk of their perceived risk harm from occasional cannabis use and regular use. Items are-- How much do you think people risk harming themselves (physically or in other ways), if they: 1. Use marijuana or marijuana products occasionally 2. Use marijuana or marijuana products regularly Response options are: 1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk Answers from both items are added together. The total range of two items summed can be 2-8. Higher totals indicate higher perceived risk. |
| Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 3 months post-baseline | 30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess the quantity of alcohol consumed. |
| Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 3 months post-baseline | 30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of alcohol consumption. |
| Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 6-months post-baseline | Two items rating current opinion on a scale from no risk to great risk of their perceived risk harm from occasional cannabis use and regular use. Items are-- How much do you think people risk harming themselves (physically or in other ways), if they: 1. Use marijuana or marijuana products occasionally 2. Use marijuana or marijuana products regularly Response options are: 1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk Answers from both items are added together. The total range of two items summed can be 2-8. Higher totals indicate higher perceived risk. |
| Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 3 months post-baseline | One item rating of current perception of whether their close friends would disapprove of their cannabis use (regardless of how much they use), rated as: 1. Not disapprove 2. Disapprove 3. Strongly disapprove |
| Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire | 3 months post-baseline | Five items from the modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month driving under the influence of cannabis. Response values will be summed for a total score. In the PAST 3 MONTHS...how many times did you drive within one hour after using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while a little high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while very high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive when you knew your use of marijuana/marijuana products containing THC may already have affected your coordination? * how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? Response options: 0= Never 1. Once 2. Twice 3. 3 times 4. 4 times 5. 5 times 6. 6-9 times 7. 10 or more times |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
There were 2 waves of recruitment: Wave 1 (February 2020) occurred for participants residing in states without legal recreational cannabis; Wave 2 (May 2020) occurred for those living in states with legal recreational cannabis.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention Facebook page that will deliver health information focused on increasing well-being and reducing risky behaviors.
Social Media Intervention: Information will be posted by e-coaches. You can interact with the e-coaches as well as other study members in your group. | 76 |
| Control An Attention-Control E-News (control) condition | 73 |
| Total | 149 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study - 3-Month Follow-Up | Lost to Follow-up | 6 | 8 |
| Overall Study - 6-Month Follow-Up | Lost to Follow-up | 8 | 8 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Social Media Intervention | Control | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 21.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3 | 20.9 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2 | 21.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 |
| Alcohol quantity (total drinks) in past 30 days | 15.9 estimated standard drinks STANDARD_DEVIATION 15.6 | 17.4 estimated standard drinks STANDARD_DEVIATION 18.3 | 16.6 estimated standard drinks STANDARD_DEVIATION 16.7 |
| Alcohol use days in past 30 (from Timeline Follow Back: TLFB) | 6.2 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.7 | 7.2 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 | 6.6 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.9 |
| Cannabis-impaired driving | 11.1 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.5 | 9.7 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.8 | 10.4 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.2 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 13 Participants | 56 Participants | 69 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 63 Participants | 17 Participants | 80 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Past 30-day other substance use index | 2.0 mid-point of range total score across 6 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.9 | 1.4 mid-point of range total score across 6 STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.6 | 1.70 mid-point of range total score across 6 STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.3 |
| Peer approval | 1.0 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.2 | 1.1 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.3 | 1.05 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.3 |
| Perceived risk | 3.1 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 | 3.4 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 | 3.2 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized American Indian/Alaska Native | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 4 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Asian American | 3 Participants | 4 Participants | 7 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Black/African American | 8 Participants | 7 Participants | 15 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Multi-racial | 15 Participants | 14 Participants | 29 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized Other race | 5 Participants | 4 Participants | 9 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White | 42 Participants | 43 Participants | 85 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 43 Participants | 40 Participants | 83 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 33 Participants | 33 Participants | 66 Participants |
| Total consequences from Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire | 9.4 count of consequences STANDARD_DEVIATION 4.8 | 10.1 count of consequences STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.8 | 9.8 count of consequences STANDARD_DEVIATION 5.3 |
| Total days of cannabis use in past 30 (from Timeline Follow Back: TLFB) | 20.8 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.3 | 16.7 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.1 | 18.8 days STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.4 |
| Total estimated grams cannabis use from Timeline Follow Back (past 30 days) | 21.5 grams STANDARD_DEVIATION 22.3 | 13.1 grams STANDARD_DEVIATION 17.6 | 17.5 grams STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.6 |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 76 | 0 / 73 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 76 | 0 / 73 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 76 | 0 / 73 |
Outcome results
Primary
Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire
Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month consequences of cannabis use. Consequences are measured by report of number of times incidents from the list of 26 items (e.g., quality of work suffered, had less energy, etc.) resulted from cannabis use. Responses will be dichotomized (0 = never, 1= greater than never) and summed for a total score reflecting total number of consequences. Response scale: Never 1-2 times 3-5 times 6-10 times More than 10 times Minimum score =0, maximum = 26. Higher score = more consequences.
Time frame: 6-months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire | 9.9 total consequences (count) | Standard Deviation 6.5 |
| Control | Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire | 8.8 total consequences (count) | Standard Deviation 5.6 |
p-value: 0.15895% CI: [-0.746, 0.067]t-test, 2 sided
Primary
Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire Using Dichotomous Response Scale as Previously Described Throughout This Trial Registration.
Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month consequences of cannabis use. Consequences are measured by report of number of times incidents from the list of 26 items (e.g., quality of work suffered, had less energy, etc.) resulted from cannabis use. Responses will be dichotomized (0 = never, 1= greater than never) and summed for a total score reflecting total number of consequences. Response scale: Never 1-2 times 3-5 times 6-10 times More than 10 times Minimum score =0, maximum = 26. Higher score = more consequences.
Time frame: 3-months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire Using Dichotomous Response Scale as Previously Described Throughout This Trial Registration. | 10.1 total number of consequences (count) | Standard Deviation 5.7 |
| Control | Consequences of Cannabis Use as Measured by the Marijuana Adolescent Consequences Questionnaire Using Dichotomous Response Scale as Previously Described Throughout This Trial Registration. | 10.2 total number of consequences (count) | Standard Deviation 5.7 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.65695% CI: [-0.425, 0.269]t-test, 2 sided
Primary
Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of cannabis use.
Time frame: 6-months post baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 16.8 days | Standard Deviation 12.2 |
| Control | Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 15.8 days | Standard Deviation 11.8 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.1495% CI: [-0.092, 0.621]t-test, 2 sided
Primary
Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of cannabis use.
Time frame: 3-months post baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 18.0 days | Standard Deviation 11.5 |
| Control | Frequency of Cannabis Use as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 14.9 days | Standard Deviation 11.7 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.9895% CI: [-0.478, 0.466]t-test, 2 sided
Primary
Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) self-report will be used to assess quantity (grams) of cannabis consumed.
Time frame: 6-months post baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 15.5 quantity (grams) | Standard Deviation 21.7 |
| Control | Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 11.5 quantity (grams) | Standard Deviation 15 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.72495% CI: [-0.294, 0.421]t-test, 2 sided
Primary
Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) self-report will be used to assess quantity (grams) of cannabis consumed.
Time frame: 3-months post baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 19.8 quantity (grams) | Standard Deviation 26.7 |
| Control | Quantity of Cannabis Used as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 11.6 quantity (grams) | Standard Deviation 15.6 |
Secondary
Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire
Five items from the modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month driving under the influence of cannabis. Response values will be summed for a total score. In the PAST 3 MONTHS...how many times did you drive within one hour after using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while a little high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while very high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive when you knew your use of marijuana/marijuana products containing THC may already have affected your coordination? * how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? Response options: 0= Never 1. Once 2. Twice 3. 3 times 4. 4 times 5. 5 times 6. 6-9 times 7. 10 or more times
Time frame: 3 months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire | 10.2 total of 5 items (range = 0 to 35) | Standard Deviation 11.4 |
| Control | Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire | 8.8 total of 5 items (range = 0 to 35) | Standard Deviation 10.4 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.84995% CI: [-0.381, 0.314]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire
Five items from the modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire will be used to assess past 3 month driving under the influence of cannabis. Response values will be summed for a total score. In the PAST 3 MONTHS...how many times did you drive within one hour after using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while a little high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive while very high on marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? * how many times did you drive when you knew your use of marijuana/marijuana products containing THC may already have affected your coordination? * how many times did you ride in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been using marijuana or marijuana products containing THC? Response options: 0= Never 1. Once 2. Twice 3. 3 times 4. 4 times 5. 5 times 6. 6-9 times 7. 10 or more times
Time frame: 6 months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire | 9.6 total of 5 items (range 0 to 35) | Standard Deviation 11.1 |
| Control | Cannabis Impaired Driving as Measured by 5 Items From the Modified Young Adult Driving Questionnaire | 7.2 total of 5 items (range 0 to 35) | Standard Deviation 10.1 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.66795% CI: [-0.607, 0.371]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of alcohol consumption.
Time frame: 6 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to focus on alcohol drinkers only
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 4.9 days | Standard Deviation 7.6 |
| Control | Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 6.5 days | Standard Deviation 7.8 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.45795% CI: [-0.273, 0.597]Cohen's D
Secondary
Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess total number of days of alcohol consumption.
Time frame: 3 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to focus on alcohol drinkers only
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 6.0 days | Standard Deviation 8 |
| Control | Frequency of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 6.1 days | Standard Deviation 8.1 |
Comparison: : We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.60395% CI: [-0.531, 0.311]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey
Items from the Monitoring the Future Survey will be used to assess past 30 day use of 6 other substances - substances used and number of times of use. Response values will be summed for a total score using mid-point of the range scoring. Substances assessed include: hallucinogens, opioids, stimulants, sedatives, lsd, ecstasy Response scale: 0 0 Occasions 1. 1-2 Occasions 2. 3-5 Occasions 3. 6-9 Occasions 4. 10-19 Occasions 5. 20-39 Occasions 6. 40 or More Occasions
Time frame: 3 months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 3.4 total of 6 items using mid-point scoring | Standard Deviation 7.9 |
| Control | Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.0 total of 6 items using mid-point scoring | Standard Deviation 4.3 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIsp-value: 0.05195% CI: [-0.689, 0.005]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey
Items from the Monitoring the Future Survey will be used to assess past 30 day use of 6 other substances - substances used and number of times of use. Response values will be summed for a total score using mid-point of the range scoring. Substances assessed include: hallucinogens, opioids, stimulants, sedatives, lsd, ecstasy Response scale: 0 0 Occasions 1. 1-2 Occasions 2. 3-5 Occasions 3. 6-9 Occasions 4. 10-19 Occasions 5. 20-39 Occasions 6. 40 or More Occasions
Time frame: 6 months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 2.5 total of 6 items using midpoint of range | Standard Deviation 7.2 |
| Control | Other Drug Use as Measured by Items Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.9 total of 6 items using midpoint of range | Standard Deviation 10.1 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.71495% CI: [-0.412, 0.284]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey
One item rating of current perception of whether their close friends would disapprove of their cannabis use (regardless of how much they use), rated as: 1 Not disapprove 2 Disapprove 3 Strongly disapprove
Time frame: 6 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to missing data
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.1 score on the single item | Standard Deviation 0.4 |
| Control | Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.1 score on the single item | Standard Deviation 0.3 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.81395% CI: [-0.398, 0.313]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey
One item rating of current perception of whether their close friends would disapprove of their cannabis use (regardless of how much they use), rated as: 1. Not disapprove 2. Disapprove 3. Strongly disapprove
Time frame: 3 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to missing data
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.0 score on the single item | Standard Deviation 0.2 |
| Control | Peer Approval/Disapproval of Cannabis Use as Measured by Item Modified From Monitoring the Future Survey | 1.0 score on the single item | Standard Deviation 0.1 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.49795% CI: [-0.728, 0.334]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by 2 Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey
Two items rating current opinion on a scale from no risk to great risk of their perceived risk harm from occasional cannabis use and regular use. Items are-- How much do you think people risk harming themselves (physically or in other ways), if they: 1. Use marijuana or marijuana products occasionally 2. Use marijuana or marijuana products regularly Response options are: 1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk Answers from both items are added together. The total range of two items summed can be 2-8. Higher totals indicate higher perceived risk.
Time frame: 3-months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by 2 Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 3.1 total of two items | Standard Deviation 1.1 |
| Control | Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by 2 Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 3.5 total of two items | Standard Deviation 1.1 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.42295% CI: [-0.21, 0.495]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey
Two items rating current opinion on a scale from no risk to great risk of their perceived risk harm from occasional cannabis use and regular use. Items are-- How much do you think people risk harming themselves (physically or in other ways), if they: 1. Use marijuana or marijuana products occasionally 2. Use marijuana or marijuana products regularly Response options are: 1. No risk 2. Slight risk 3. Moderate risk 4. Great risk Answers from both items are added together. The total range of two items summed can be 2-8. Higher totals indicate higher perceived risk.
Time frame: 6-months post-baseline
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 3.3 total of two items | Standard Deviation 1.2 |
| Control | Perceived Risk of Cannabis Use as Measured by Modified Items From the Monitoring the Future Survey | 3.5 total of two items | Standard Deviation 1.3 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIsp-value: 0.88295% CI: [-0.328, 0.381]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess the quantity of alcohol consumed.
Time frame: 3 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to focus on alcohol drinkers only
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 17.1 estimated standard drinks | Standard Deviation 28.1 |
| Control | Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 12.4 estimated standard drinks | Standard Deviation 15.4 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.20995% CI: [-0.686, 0.156]t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB)
30-day TLFB self-report will be used to assess the quantity of alcohol consumed.
Time frame: 6 months post-baseline
Population: Number of participants analyzed is due to focus on alcohol drinkers only
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social Media Intervention | Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 14.3 estimated standard drinks | Standard Deviation 27.5 |
| Control | Quantity of Alcohol Consumption as Reported on the Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) | 13.5 estimated standard drinks | Standard Deviation 15.8 |
Comparison: We fixed linear mixed effects models adjusted for baseline values, balancing factors (age, sex, recreational cannabis), and included a random intercept for group because this is an individually randomized group treatment trial. We tested for treatment effects with a two-sided test of the coefficient for the treatment/control indicator, and estimated Cohen's D (mean difference between the 2 groups at follow-up divided by the total variation not captured by the fixed effects) along with 95% CIs.p-value: 0.62395% CI: [-0.541, 0.328]t-test, 2 sided