Virtual Reality Versus Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Postmastectomy Lymphedema

Status

Completed

Phases

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT04185181

Enrollment

Registered

2019-12-04

Start date

2018-06-30

Completion date

2019-08-31

Last updated

2019-12-05

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Postmastectomy Lymphedema

Brief summary

This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of VR and PNF on lymphedema and function in unilateral post-mastectomy lymphedema (UPML) patients. The patients were subdivided into two equal groups, 15 in each. Fifteen patients performed virtual reality-based exercises plus complete decongestive therapy, while the other fifteen patients performed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation plus complete decongestive therapy. The volume difference between normal and affected limbs was calculated before and after eight sessions of treatment for both groups by using the circumferential method. And the upper limb function was assessed before and after eight sessions of treatment for both groups by using the Arabic version of the Quick DASH scale.

Interventions

OTHERvirtual reality

wii video game based exercise

OTHERproprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

PNF with breathing

OTHERcomplete decogestive therapy

pneumatic compression, manual lymph drainage, skin care and home exercise program

Study design

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Intervention model

PARALLEL

Primary purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

FEMALE

Age

40 Years to 65 Years

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

* Patients will suffer from unilateral post-mastectomy lymphedema. * Stage I and stage II lymphedema as defined by the classification of the International Society of Lymphology (The International Society of Lymphology, 2003). * Patients had no physical therapy before the current treatment or the last time to receive sessions was at least three months ago.

Exclusion criteria

* Excluded patients were having musculoskeletal or neurological disorders that would impair performance during training and tests. * Visual disorders that could affect imitation of video game-based exercise. * Uncontrolled cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases. * Psychiatric illness, severe behavior, and cognitive disorders.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
lymphedema volume	4 weeks	turncated cone formula using circumferential measurement of both upper limbs
upper limb function	4 weeks	quick-disability of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) scale. minimum score is zero and maximum score is 44. higher score means worse outcome.

Countries

Egypt

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 27, 2026