Peripheral Venous Catheterization
Conditions
Keywords
Peripheral venous catheter, hot application, cold application, pain, anxiety
Brief summary
Background: This study was conducted to examine the effect of local hot and cold applications on pain, anxiety level, length of application, and vein evaluation prior to inserting PVC. Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted with patients who were hospitalised in the cardiology department of a university hospital. PVC was inserted, the researcher applied a hot or cold application to the catheter insertion site for one minute.
Detailed description
Background: This study was conducted to examine the effect of local hot and cold applications on pain, anxiety level, length of application, and vein evaluation prior to inserting PVC. Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted with patients who were hospitalised in the cardiology department of a university hospital. The sample was comprised of 90 individuals, including 30 in the cold application group, 30 in the hot application group, and 30 in the control group receiving treatment in the Cardiology Clinic between November and December 2018.
Interventions
OTHERHot application
Before PVC was inserted, the researcher applied a hot application to the catheter insertion site (inner surface of the forearm) using a hot pack for one minute.
OTHERCold application
Before PVC was inserted, the researcher applied a cold application to the catheter insertion site (inner surface of the forearm) using a cold pack for one minute.
Sponsors
TC Erciyes University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* being able to speak and understand Turkish, * being over 18 years of age, * having unimpaired sense of time or place orientation, * having no psychiatric disorders, * having no visual or hearing problem, * having indication of IV catheter application, * having no administration of analgesic or anaesthetic agents prior to IV catheter insertion, * having catheter inserted in one attempt, * having no allergy to hot and cold applications, * being voluntary to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
* infection * previous history of surgery, * scarring in the catheter insertion site, * psoriasis in the catheter insertion site, * active dermatitis in the catheter insertion site, * peripheral nerve disease, * diabetes, * peripheral neuropathy in the catheter insertion site
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Rating Scale for pain and anxiety | Before catheter insertion | The number 0 on the scale means that they do not feel any pain / anxiety and the number 10 refers to the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety. |
| Vein Assessment Scale | Before hot/cold application | There are 5 assessment steps: (1) veins are neither visible nor palpable, (2) veins are visible but not palpable, (3) veins are barely visible and palpable, (4) veins are visible and palpable, and (5) veins are clearly visible and easily palpable |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Rating Scale for pain and anxiety | During catheter insertion | The number 0 on the scale means that they do not feel any pain / anxiety and the number 10 refers to the worst pain and the highest level of anxiety. |
| Vein Assessment Scale | Immediately before insertion of the catheter | There are 5 assessment steps: (1) veins are neither visible nor palpable, (2) veins are visible but not palpable, (3) veins are barely visible and palpable, (4) veins are visible and palpable, and (5) veins are clearly visible and easily palpable |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed