Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperlipidemias
Conditions
Keywords
oil palm phenolics, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol
Brief summary
Our previous study has found that oil palm phenolics (OPP) supplementation at 9 grams per day is safe for consumption. An interesting observation was reported where the consumption of OPP showed significantly lower total and LDL cholesterol compared to the control group. There is no clinical evidence as yet on the optimum dosage of OPP supplementation in improving fasting lipid profile. We hypothesize that in a clinical study, OPP supplemented participants will elicit a reduction in total and LDL cholesterol while maintaining safety and tolerability.
Detailed description
During the palm oil milling process, a large amount of vegetation liquor is discarded into the aqueous waste stream. A novel process to recover phenolic compounds from the aqueous waste stream were developed and resulting in producing a filtrate known as oil palm phenolics (OPP), which contains a high amount of phenolic. It has been postulated that phenolic acids components found in the OPP have promising health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and anti-tumour effects. Hyperlipidemia, one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), is defined as elevations of fasting total cholesterol or triglyceride concentration or both. Through our current research, OPP supplementation to hamster animal model has shown positive effects in the reduction of total cholesterol and triglycerides as well as improvement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In a previous study using the rabbit animal model, OPP has shown a protective effect against atherosclerosis, a condition whereby fat and cholesterol plaques are deposited inside the arteries. Based on the current evidence from the preliminary studies on OPP, we hypothesize that supplementation of OPP may prevent or delay the development of CVD. However, to understand the anti-hyperlipidemic effects of OPP in humans, we need to establish our knowledge of the physiological effects of this compound to normal human subjects. Under physiological condition, OPP may improve the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status. These improvements may have a positive influence on plasma lipid profile since many scientific evidences demonstrate that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects may contribute protection against the incidence of CVD. Therefore, we proposed a clinical trial to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of OPP in eliciting the possible mechanism for lipid reduction. This study will be started with the recruitment of 100 healthy volunteers where they will be supplemented with placebo/OPP capsules at different doses for 60 days. Participants will be required to take the placebo/OPP capsules in front of the study staff to ensure compliance. Blood samples will be withdrawn at baseline, day 30 and day 60, and will be analyzed for lipid profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory status. Data from this study would hopefully assist us in understanding the therapeutic roles of OPP on humans under normal conditions.
Interventions
DRUGPlacebos
The placebo that will be used contains starch and glucose.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTOil Palm Phenolics
One capsule contains 250 mg OPP or 1 g OPP
Sponsors
Malaysia Palm Oil Board
National University of Malaysia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy * Normal Total Cholesterol level of less than 5.2 mmol/dL * Normal LDL Cholesterol level of less than 3.36 mmol/dL * Normal Triglyceride level of less than 1.69 mmol/dL
Exclusion criteria
* Smoking * Habitual alcohol consumption * Consuming antioxidant supplement * Pregnant/ breastfeeding * Medical history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia * Current use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medication
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes from Baseline Fasting Plasma LDL Cholesterol level following one and two months supplementation | Baseline, day 30, day 60 | This will be assessed from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant |
| Incidence of Adverse Events following one-month supplementation (Safety and Tolerability) | Day 30 after supplementation | This will be assessed via history, physical examination, kidney function test, liver function test and hematology profile from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
| Incidence of Adverse Events following two-months supplementation (Safety and Tolerability) | Day 60 after supplementation | This will be assessed via history, physical examination, kidney function test, liver function test and hematology profile from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes from Baseline Concentrations of Plasma Antioxidant Levels using ELISA method following one and two months supplementation | Baseline,day 30 and day 60 after supplementation | Antioxidant levels such as Malonaldehyde and Superoxide dismutase will be assessed from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
| Changes from Baseline Fasting Lipid Profile (total and HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerides) following one and two months supplementation | Baseline, day 30 and day 60 after supplementation | This will be assessed from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
| Changes from Baseline Body Weight Measurement following one and two months supplementation | Baseline,day 30 and day 60 after supplementation | This will be assessed by measuring the weight of each participant. |
| Changes from Baseline Fasting LDL and HDL Cholesterol Subfractions following one and two months supplementation. | Baseline, day 30 and day 60 after supplementation | This will be assessed from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
| Changes from Baseline Concentrations of Plasma Inflammatory Markers using multiplex assays following one and two months supplementation | Baseline,day 30 and day 60 after supplementation | Inflammatory markers such as Interleukin-6, Interleukin-1beta, Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-10 and interferon-Gamma will be assessed from the plasma analysis on the fasting blood samples of each participant. |
Countries
Malaysia
Contacts
Primary ContactNurul Izzah Ibrahim, PhD
Backup ContactIsa Naina Mohamed, MD, PhD
Outcome results
None listed