Endothelial Dysfunction, Smoking
Conditions
Brief summary
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are a rapidly growing global epidemic among adolescents and young adults. Unlike other ENDS such as e-cigarettes, e-hookahs are used through traditional water-pipes, allowing the vapor-containing nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, and flavorings-to pass through a water-filled basin, potentially altering the vapor, before it is inhaled through the user's mouth. Contributing to e-hookahs popularity is the belief that the flavored smoke is detoxified as it passes through the water-filled basin, rendering e-hookah a safer tobacco alternative. However, an e-hookahs deliver flavored nicotine by creating a vapor of fine particles and volatile organic compounds that could induce vascular toxicity. While e-hookah vaping acutely reduces endothelial function, the specific role of nicotine and the mechanisms by which it may impairs endothelial function remain understudied. The objective of this project is to investigate the specific role of nicotine in mediating the acute effects of e-hookah vaping on endothelial dysfunction.
Interventions
OTHERElectronic hookah vaping with nicotine
Participants will be invited to vape a 30-minute session of e-hookah containing nicotine
OTHERElectronic hookah vaping without nicotine
Participants will be invited to vape a 30-minute session of e-hookah without containing nicotine
Sponsors
University of California, Los Angeles
Tobacco Related Disease Research Program
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 39 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 21-39 years old hookah smokers: smoked hookah \>12x in last 12 months * 21-39 years old e-cigarette users: vaped \>12x in last 12 months * no history of illicit drugs * no evidence of cardiopulmonary disease by history/ physical * no diabetes: fasting blood glucose \<100 mg/dl * BP\<140/90mmHg * resting HR\<100 bpm * BMI\<30kg•m2 * no prescription medication
Exclusion criteria
* exhaled CO\>10 ppm (smoking non-abstinence) * positive pregnancy test * psychiatric illness
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon monoxide levels | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Exhaled carbon monoxide levels |
| Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD) | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Using ultrasound, FMD of the brachial artery induced by reactive hyperemia, was used to measure endothelium-dependent vasodilator function. Outcome variable reflecting FMD (brachial artery diameter) was recorded for 45 seconds and resumed 30 seconds before cuff deflation and continuously for 2 minutes after deflation to obtain true peak vasodilatory response. |
| Acetylcholine-stimulated nitric oxide production | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with subjects' serum sampled before and after the vaping sessions and acetylcholine-stimulated nitric oxide production was assessed |
| Basal reactive oxygen species bioactivity | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with participants' serum sampled before and after the vaping sessions and basal reactive oxygen species bioactivity was assessed |
| Fibrinogen levels | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Plasma fibrinogen |
| Heme oxygenase-1 assay | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Heme oxygenase-1 concentration assay |
| paraoxonase-1 activity | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | paraoxonase-1 activity |
| HDL protection assay | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | HDL protection assay, reflecting the ability of HDL to inhibit oxidation to LDL |
| Nicotine levels | Changes pre- and post- the 30-minute smoking or vaping exposure sessions | Plasma nicotine |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORMary Rezk-Hanna, PhD
University of California, Los Angeles
Outcome results
None listed