Social Isolation
Conditions
Keywords
Loneliness, Homebound, Behavioral Activation
Brief summary
The purpose of this study to evaluate aging-service integrated, video-conference-based approaches to improve homebound seniors' social engagement and activities.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALTele-Behavioral Activation
Five 1-hour sessions of BA delivered by a trained interventionist via video-conferencing
BEHAVIORALTele-Friendly Visiting
Five 1-hour FV sessions delivered by a trained interventionist via video-conferencing
Sponsors
University of Texas at Austin
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* English speaking * Clients of the Meals on Weals program * ≥60 years old * Score between 6-9 on the Hughes three-item version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale
Exclusion criteria
* Dementia, as indicated by a score \> 3 on the Six Item Screen * Clinically significant depression, as indicated by a score ≥15 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) * Active suicide risk, as indicated by a positive response on any item of the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) * Uncorrectable hearing or vision impairment
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change over time in social support measured using the Duke Social Support Index (DSSI) | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | A 10-item self-report questionnaire used to measure an individual's satisfaction with social support using a Likert scale (3-point scale, where anchor labels are specified for each item). This scale consists of two subscales: 4-item social interaction (objective support) scale and 6-item satisfaction with social support (subjective support) subscale. Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items across all items; total scores range 10-30. |
| Change over time in perceived social isolation measured using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Social Isolation Scale | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | An 8-item self-report questionnaire used to measure perceived social isolation using a Likert scale (5-point scale: 'never' = 1 to 'always' = 5). Total raw scores range from 8-40; raw scores are converted to T-scores using an appendix (T-scores are standardized scores that have a mean of 50 and SD of 10). Higher T-score values represent greater perceived social isolation. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change over time in depression symptomatology measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | A 9-item self-report questionnaire used to measure symptoms of depression. Items are rated using a Likert scale (4-point scale: 'not at all' = 0 to 'nearly every day' = 3). Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items 1-9; total scores range 0-27. |
| Change over time in functional disability measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | A 12-item self-report questionnaire used to assess functioning in six domains of life: Domain 1: Cognition - understanding and communicating Domain 2: Mobility - moving and getting around Domain 3: Self-care - attending to one's hygiene, dressing, eating and staying alone Domain 4: Getting along - interacting with other people Domain 5: Life activities - domestic responsibilities, leisure, work and school Domain 6: Participation - joining in community activities, participating in society. Items are rated using a Likert scale (5-point scale: 'none' = 0 to 'Extreme/cannot do' = 4). Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items 1-12; total scores range 0-48. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change over time in social activities participation using the Social Engagement/Activities Questionnaire (SEAQ) | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | A 10-item self-report questionnaire used to measure homebound older adults' participation in a range of social-group activities, interpersonal interaction activities with family and friends, and solitary activities while taking account of their physical and functional health limitations and social circumstances under which they live. Items are rated using a Likert scale (6-point scale: 'not at all' = 0 to 'every day' = 5). Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items 1-10; total scores range 0-50. |
| Change over time in coping strategies using the Brief COPE | Baseline, 6-week follow-up (immediately post-intervention), 12-week follow up (12 weeks post-intervention), 12-month follow-up (12-months post-intervention). | A 16-item self-report questionnaire used to measure use of coping strategies for difficult situations. Items are rated using a Likert scale (4-point scale: 'not at all' = 0 to 'a lot' = 3). Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items 1-16; total scores range 0-48. |
| Acceptance of the Tele-BA intervention using a modified version of the Treatment Evaluation Inventory (TEI) | 6-weeks follow-up (immediately post-intervention) | An 11-item self-report questionnaire used to measure intervention acceptability. For this project, reference to Treatment will be substituted with Tele-BA. Items are rated using a 7-point Likert scale. Response values range 1-7 with different verbal anchors for each item. Total scores are calculated by summing responses to items 1-11; total scores range 11-77. The TEI consists of an 8-item General Acceptability subscale and a 3-item Negative Aspects (e.g., discomfort) subscale. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed