Chronic Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Aim 1: To conduct a formative evaluation of museum-based programming to address loneliness and social isolation. Aim 2: To develop a consensus-derived Model Museum-Based Program (MMBP) to address loneliness among individuals with chronic pain. Aim 3: To evaluate the feasibility of museum experiences to reduce loneliness and pain among isolated individuals with chronic pain. Due to safety concerns related to the covid pandemic in-person museum programming could not continue and virtual versions of the interventions were created. We will publish results on both the in-person and virtual versions of the intervention as well as a pooled analysis.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALUsual care/wait list
Individuals in this group can continue with their usual care (but receive no museum-based intervention)
BEHAVIORALArt Rx
Individuals in this group participate in a specialized tour of an art museum
BEHAVIORALArtful Meditation
Individuals in this group participate in a meditation and art appreciation program at an art museum
Sponsors
University of California, Davis
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Intervention model description
Due to covid the in-person RCT was suspended and transitioned to virtual museum programming. Twenty-seven individuals were randomized into the in-person study and 122 individuals were randomized into the virtual study for a total of 149 enrolled individuals.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18 years of age or older * English speaking * Chronic pain (6 months or longer) * Moderate pain or greater (4/10 or greater on a Numerical Rating Scale, range of 0 (no pain) - 10 (worst pain imaginable), in response to the question Over the past week what was your average pain intensity?) * Moderately lonely or greater (Score of 4 or greater on 3 item Loneliness scale, range of 3 - 9)
Exclusion criteria
* Participated in an Art Rx tour * Participated in an Artful Meditation program * Dementia or Alzheimer's disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Program satisfaction - quality: NRS | Post-intervention (immediately) | Please rate your satisfaction with the overall quality of your experience at the museum? NRS - 0 (extremely dissatisfied) - 10 (extremely satisfied) |
| Primary clinical outcome for preliminary estimate of efficacy - Social disconnection | Post-intervention (immediately) | Social disconnection scale; 12 items; scored 1 (not at all) - 5 (very much); range 12-60 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Social disconnection | Post-intervention (immediately) | Social disconnection scale; 12 items; scored 1 (not at all) - 5 (very much); range 12-60 |
| Pain unpleasantness | Post-intervention (immediately) | Numerical rating scale (NRS) score of 0 not unpleasant - 10 Most unpleasant sensation imaginable (intolerable) |
| Pain intensity: Numerical rating scale (NRS) score | Post-intervention (immediately) | Numerical rating scale (NRS) score of 0 no pain - 10 worst pain imaginable |
| Pain interference | Post-intervention (3-month follow up) | PEG scale - a 3 item scale to assess average pain intensity \[P\], interference with enjoyment of life \[E\], and interference with general activity \[G\]. Item 1: What number best describes your pain on the average in the last week? Numerical rating scale (NRS) score of 0 no pain - 10 worst pain imaginable Item 2: What number best describes how, during the past week, pain has interfered with your enjoyment of life? Numerical rating scale (NRS) score of 0 does not interfere - 10 completely interferes Item 3: What number best describes how, during the past week, pain has interfered with your general activity? Numerical rating scale (NRS) score of 0 does not interfere - 10 completely interferes |
| Change in pain during intervention: 1=Yes/0=No | Post-intervention (immediately) | Did you experience any pain relief during the museum experience? 1=Yes/0=No |
| Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire 8 (CPAQ-8) | Post-intervention (immediately) | 8 items scale designed to measure acceptance of pain. Likert scale 0 (never true) - 6 (always true) |
| PHQ 4 | Post-intervention (3-month follow up) | 4 item scale to measure psychological distress (2 items depression; 2 items anxiety) Likert scale 0 (not at all), 1 (several days), 2 (more than half the days) and 3 (nearly every day) |
| Program satisfaction - recommend: NRS | Post-intervention (immediately) | How likely would you be to recommend this program to someone with a similar condition? NRS - 0 (extremely likely) - 10 (extremely unlikely) |
| Affinity for art | Post-intervention (immediately) | Participants respond to the following prompt: I like art Likert scale: 0 (not at all) - 5 (very much) |
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) | Post-intervention (3-month follow up) | The PCS is a 13 item scale, with each item rated on a 5-point scale between: 0 (Not at all) and 4 (all the time). The PCS is broken into three subscales including: magnification, rumination, and helplessness. The total range of scores is between 0-52 with higher values reflecting more salient impacts of pain on one's day to day experience. |
| Percent change in pain during intervention | Post-intervention (immediately) | If Yes, what percent pain relief did you receive? 0%-100% |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed