Alcohol; Harmful Use, HIV, Mental Health Disorder
Conditions
Brief summary
Unhealthy alcohol use among women with and at risk for HIV can interrupt critical steps in the HIV prevention and care continuum, is associated with HIV transmission risk behaviors, and contributes to health disparities. Thus it is critical to accurately identify alcohol use and implement alcohol interventions among women with and at risk for HIV to optimize health outcomes. The proposed pilot study will examine the implementation and effects of a computer delivered brief alcohol intervention with peer navigation/Community Health Worker compared to usual care on alcohol use, linkage to health services, and uptake of HIV prevention practices.
Detailed description
Women account for 1 in 4 people living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States, and while African American (AA) women comprise only 14% of the US female population, African American women account for greater than 60% of women living with HIV (WLWH). Unhealthy alcohol use interrupts critical steps in the HIV prevention and care continuum (HPACC) and thus contributes to significant health disparities among at-risk and WLWH. The investigators have developed theory-based, in-person and computer-delivered brief interventions (CBI) for at risk and WLWH with alcohol use, demonstrating drinking reduction. However behavioral and structural barriers to optimal uptake of alcohol interventions and engagement in the HPACC remain, including mental health comorbidity and low knowledge, access, and use of HIV prevention practices such as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The goals of this proposal are two-fold: 1) to build on the investigators' current community partnerships to determine how to optimally implement evidence based alcohol treatment for at risk and WLWH in Baltimore, and 2) to determine whether the addition of information, motivational and peer navigator/Community Health Worker support related to comorbid mental health, and HIV prevention practices can enhance CBI and improve alcohol and HPACC outcomes among at risk and WLWH. To achieve these goals the investigators will use a Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach, engaging patient and community stakeholders during all aspects of study development, and community pilot testing. In collaboration with the investigators' Community Advisory Board (CAB), the investigators will: 1) adapt the investigators' current CBI to address gaps in the HIV prevention and care continuum (CBI-CC). The investigators will conduct focus groups with both at risk and WLWH to tailor intervention manuals. 2) The investigators will conduct a pilot study of CBI-CC and peer navigation among 30 at-risk or WLWH with unhealthy alcohol use. The investigators hypothesize that the CBI-CC will result in reduction in drinking and heavy drinking days, increase linkage to substance use, and mental health services and HIV pre exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and increase use of HIV prevention practices including condoms and PrEP. Through this U34 planning grant the investigators will partner with key stakeholders in the community to build capacity to deliver effective, evidence-based interventions at the nexus of alcohol and HIV for at risk and WLWH with alcohol misuse, and improve engagement in the HIV prevention and care continuum.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCBI-CC with peer navigation
Computer delivered brief alcohol intervention enhanced with information of HIV infection, HIV risk, and comorbid mental health disorders
Sponsors
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)
Johns Hopkins University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Single Group
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* At risk and Women with HIV ≥18 years * Alcohol misuse, defined as \>7 standard drinks per week or \> 3 drinks per occasion in the last three months or AUDIT-C ≥3 * Able to understand English * Able to read at a 5th grade level. Additional inclusion criteria for at risk women: * sex under the influence of alcohol or * exchanging sex for money or other resources or * unprotected vaginal or anal sex or illicit drug use in the last 12 months
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant (will be referred immediately to alcohol, mental health, substance use treatment as needed) * Non-English speaking * Unable to receive text messages * Actively psychotic, or otherwise not able to participate in the computer delivered brief intervention.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Acceptability as assessed by a 4-item scale | 3 months | Acceptability of the Intervention will be assessed by the Mean/Median score on a 4 item scale that measures the perception among implementation stakeholders that a given treatment, service, practice, or innovation is agreeable, palatable, or satisfactory. Score ranges from 5-20 on the 4 item scale. Higher score means greater acceptability. |
| Intervention Feasibility as assessed by a 4-item scale | 3 months | Feasibility of the Intervention will be assessed by the Mean/Median score on a 4 item scale that measures the extent to which the new treatment, or an innovation, can be successfully used or carried out within a given agency or setting. Score ranges from 5-20 on the 4 item scale. Higher score means greater feasibility. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of participants with pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or condom uptake | 3 months | Uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis or condoms by participants. |
| Number of heavy drinking days | At 3 months | Number of heavy drinking days over past 30 days |
| Number of drinking days | At 3 months | Number of drinking days over past 30 days |
| Number of participants linked to services | 3 months | Linkage to mental health, substance use, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis or HIV clinical services. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of condom-less sex episodes | 3 months | This will be counted to assess sexual risk behavior. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed