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Comparison of Prosthetic Feet for People With Syme's Amputation (XF Symes Study)

Functional Assessment of High-profile Crossover Feet in People With Syme's Amputation

Status
Completed
Phases
NA
Study type
Interventional
Source
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registry ID
NCT04086641
Enrollment
5
Registered
2019-09-11
Start date
2019-07-22
Completion date
2019-12-03
Last updated
2020-12-14

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Amputation, Artificial Limb

Keywords

Ankle disarticulation, Syme, Amputation, Prosthesis, Prosthetic foot, Crossover foot, Biomechanics

Brief summary

The purpose of this study is to compare the functional differences between two types of foot prostheses for people with ankle disarticulation (Syme's) amputations. The two feet being tested are low- and high-profile feet, with the difference being the latter has an extended keel and attaches to the posterior of the prosthetic socket, rather than the distal end. The hypothesis is that the high-profile foot (i.e., the crossover foot) will lead to functional and biomechanical improvements compared to low-profile feet.

Detailed description

Syme's prostheses are typically limited to low-profile prosthetic feet due to clearance restrictions below the prosthetic socket. As a result, the functional benefits provided by the long residual limb are mitigated by prosthetic design limitations. Recently, high-profile, posteriorly-attaching crossover feet have been modified for use with people who have Syme's amputation. Crossover feet theoretically improve motion and energy storage-and-return compared to traditional foot options for the Syme's level. Crossover feet also have the potential to broaden the range of high-impact activities that can be performed with a single prosthesis. However, to date there is no empirical evidence that compares functional differences when walking with high-profile crossover feet compared to low-profile feet for people with Syme's amputation. This mixed-method pilot research will use a randomized, controlled within-participants design. Investigators will assess gait biomechanics, self-reported health outcomes, and qualitative interviews to compare relative advantages and disadvantages of traditional low-profile Syme's feet and high-profile crossover feet. This proposed work will create a foundation for future research that examines the potential benefits of crossover feet in people with Syme's amputation. In addition, results from this research will be used clinically to inform prosthetic options for people with limited clearance for distally-attached prosthetic feet.

Interventions

DEVICECrossover foot

A prosthetic foot that features an extended strut (keel) that attaches to the posterior proximal aspect of the prosthetic socket.

DEVICEEnergy Storing Foot

A prosthetic foot that features a short strut (keel) that attaches to the distal aspect of the prosthetic socket.

Sponsors

University of Washington
Lead SponsorOTHER

Study design

Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

* 18 years of age or older * Have a unilateral Syme's amputation that occurred \>1 year prior * Owns a crossover foot modified for Syme's use * Able to walk in the community without assistance * Able to read and write in English

Exclusion criteria

* Have other amputations * Have a health condition that would limit completion of the study protocol (e.g., skin breakdown, heart disease)

Design outcomes

Primary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Peak Sound-side Limb LoadingSessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)Maximum vertical ground reaction force in early stance
Ratio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsSessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)The symmetry between prosthetic and sound side step lengths. Step lengths were calculated as the distance between heels from heel strike of the contralateral foot to heel strike of the ipsilateral foot.
Total Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionSessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)The change in total angular motion of the ankle in the sagittal plane (e.g., dorsiflexion & plantarflexion) during stance phase between prosthetic feet, in degrees
Prosthetic-side Energy ReturnSessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)Intersegmental flow of power out of the prosthesis

Secondary

MeasureTime frameDescription
Preference QuestionnaireSession 4 (after 4 weeks of prosthesis wear, 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 and 2 weeks of prosthesis 2)At the end of the study, participants will engage in a preference questionnaire with open-ended follow-up questions to elicit preferences and experiences with both feet. Questions will ask about overall preference, and preference for a range of mobility activities (e.g., Which foot did you prefer overall, and why? and Which foot did you prefer for walking up stairs, and why?).
Change in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)Self-reported measure of mobility, the PLUS-M 12-item Short Form is a single measure, scores range from 17.5-76.6, higher scores represent better mobility.
Change in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)Self-reported measure of balance confidence, the ABC is a single measure, scores range from 0-4, higher scores represent better balance confidence.
Change in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic SatisfactionSessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)Self-reported measures of aesthetic prosthetic satisfaction, scores on items are averaged and range from 0-2, higher values represent more satisfaction (better outcome)

Countries

United States

Participant flow

Participants by arm

ArmCount
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing Foot
Participants first received a crossover foot, then switched to an energy storing foot
1
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover Foot
Participants first received an energy storing foot, then switched to a crossover foot
1
Total2

Withdrawals & dropouts

PeriodReasonFG000FG001
Foot 1 (Two Week Utilization)COVID-1912

Baseline characteristics

CharacteristicFoot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotalFoot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing Foot
Age, Continuous34 years42.5 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.5
51 years
Amputation Etiology
Cancer
1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants
Amputation Etiology
Trauma
0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Hispanic or Latino
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Not Hispanic or Latino
1 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
MFCL
K1-3
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
MFCL
K4
1 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
0 Participants0 Participants0 Participants
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
1 Participants2 Participants1 Participants
Region of Enrollment
Canada
0 participants1 participants1 participants
Region of Enrollment
United States
1 participants1 participants0 participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
0 Participants1 Participants1 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
1 Participants1 Participants0 Participants

Adverse events

Event typeEG000
affected / at risk
EG001
affected / at risk
deaths
Total, all-cause mortality
0 / 10 / 1
other
Total, other adverse events
0 / 10 / 1
serious
Total, serious adverse events
0 / 10 / 1

Outcome results

Primary

Peak Sound-side Limb Loading

Maximum vertical ground reaction force in early stance

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed1.37 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.06 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.06 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed1.07 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed1.23 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed1.43 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed1.29 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed1.53 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed1.17 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.04 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed1.45 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPeak Sound-side Limb LoadingEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.16 Ratio (Newtons/body weight)
Primary

Prosthetic-side Energy Return

Intersegmental flow of power out of the prosthesis

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.86 W/kg
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.32 W/kg
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed2.18 W/kg
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.90 W/kg
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed2.82 W/kg
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed1.53 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed4.22 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.27 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.53 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.36 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed0.75 W/kg
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootProsthetic-side Energy ReturnCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed2.32 W/kg
Primary

Ratio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step Lengths

The symmetry between prosthetic and sound side step lengths. Step lengths were calculated as the distance between heels from heel strike of the contralateral foot to heel strike of the ipsilateral foot.

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.88 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed1.02 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.93 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.96 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed0.93 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed0.97 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed0.94 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.87 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.92 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed0.91 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed0.97 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootRatio Between Sound and Prosthetic Side Step LengthsCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed0.91 Sound step length / Pros. step length
Primary

Total Prosthetic Ankle Range of Motion

The change in total angular motion of the ankle in the sagittal plane (e.g., dorsiflexion & plantarflexion) during stance phase between prosthetic feet, in degrees

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed14.04 degrees
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed7.94 degrees
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed17.91 degrees
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed11.17 degrees
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed16.74 degrees
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed11.91 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Fast Walking Speed17.53 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Slow Walking Speed14.20 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed9.63 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Slow Walking Speed9.03 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionEnergy Storing Foot, Fast Walking Speed11.20 degrees
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootTotal Prosthetic Ankle Range of MotionCrossover Foot, Comfortable Walking Speed16.24 degrees
Secondary

Change in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)

Self-reported measure of balance confidence, the ABC is a single measure, scores range from 0-4, higher scores represent better balance confidence.

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)Crossover Foot3.53 score on a scale
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)Energy Storing Foot3.63 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)Crossover Foot4 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC)Energy Storing Foot4 score on a scale
Secondary

Change in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2

Self-reported measure of mobility, the PLUS-M 12-item Short Form is a single measure, scores range from 17.5-76.6, higher scores represent better mobility.

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2Crossover Foot64.5 score on a scale
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2Energy Storing Foot64.5 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2Crossover Foot71.4 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) 12-item Short Form Version 1.2Energy Storing Foot62.5 score on a scale
Secondary

Change in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic Satisfaction

Self-reported measures of aesthetic prosthetic satisfaction, scores on items are averaged and range from 0-2, higher values represent more satisfaction (better outcome)

Time frame: Sessions 3 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 wear) and 4 (after 2 weeks of prosthesis 2 wear)

ArmMeasureGroupValue (NUMBER)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic SatisfactionCrossover Foot0.33 score on a scale
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootChange in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic SatisfactionEnergy Storing Foot1 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic SatisfactionCrossover Foot2 score on a scale
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootChange in Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales- Revised Aesthetic SatisfactionEnergy Storing Foot1 score on a scale
Secondary

Preference Questionnaire

At the end of the study, participants will engage in a preference questionnaire with open-ended follow-up questions to elicit preferences and experiences with both feet. Questions will ask about overall preference, and preference for a range of mobility activities (e.g., Which foot did you prefer overall, and why? and Which foot did you prefer for walking up stairs, and why?).

Time frame: Session 4 (after 4 weeks of prosthesis wear, 2 weeks of prosthesis 1 and 2 weeks of prosthesis 2)

ArmMeasureGroupCategoryValue (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS)
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sidePrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sidePrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sideNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sideNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandNot applicable1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicyclePrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicyclePrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicycleNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Crossover Foot, Foot 2: Energy Storing FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicycleNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicyclePrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sidePrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sidePrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on inclinesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sideNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireTurning on the prosthetic sideNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking on declinesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireAscending stairsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when you can't see your feetNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireGetting in and out of a carNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDescending stairsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicycleNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking slowlyNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnairePlaying sportsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking quicklyNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicyclePrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRunningNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking when carrying a heavy loadNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding for long periodsNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking over uneven terrainNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireRiding a bicycleNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesPrefers Crossover Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandPrefers Energy Storing Foot1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireStanding up from a chairNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireDancingNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairPrefers Crossover Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandNo preference0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in small spacesPrefers Energy Storing Foot0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairNo preference1 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireWalking in sandNot applicable0 Participants
Foot 1: Energy Storing Foot, Foot 2: Crossover FootPreference QuestionnaireSitting down in a chairNot applicable0 Participants

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026