Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Hyperlipidemias
Conditions
Keywords
Coronary Artery Disease, Atherosclerosis
Brief summary
CHORAL Flow is a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of evolocumab on coronary flow at 12 weeks.
Detailed description
Evolocumab is a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor which has been shown in the Fourier Trial to reduce major cardiovascular events in statin-treated patients with raised LDL cholesterol compared to placebo. The precise mechanisms via which evolocumab therapy impacts cardiovascular outcomes remain unknown. Coronary blood flow is a powerful predictor of clinical outcomes across a wide range of cardio-circulatory disorders as well as within normal subjects. Improvement in coronary microvascular function and coronary flow, therefore, could potentially represent one of the core pathways via which evolocumab offers cardiovascular protection. In the CHORAL Flow Study patients will undergo invasive and non-invasive physiological assessment with coronary flow measurements before and after 12 weeks of therapy with evolocumab or placebo. Patients in the treatment arm will go on to have a further non-invasive assessment of coronary flow at 24 weeks of therapy in a single blinded fashion.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALEvolocumab
Administered subcutaneously using a spring-based prefilled 1.0 mL autoinjector/pen.
DRUGPlacebo
Administered subcutaneously using a spring-based prefilled 1.0 mL autoinjector/pen.
Sponsors
Imperial College London
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
Randomised control Trial
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Patients aged between 18 and 80 years, with a clinical indication for coronary angiography and: 1. willing to provide consent: Provide written (signed and dated) informed consent and be capable of understanding the study and co-operating with treatment and follow-up. 2. raised levels of fasting (\>9h) LDL-cholesterol (≥2mmol/L) either on optimal statin therapy (90% of overall sample) or intolerants to statins (restricted to 10% of overall sample). Optimal statin therapy will be defined as at least 4 weeks of atorvastatin 40mg or more, with no change in statin dose during this period. 3. at least one other risk factor for vascular disease or established vascular disease. 4. willing and able to use a highly effective method of contraception from screening until 15 weeks after the last dose of IP if a woman of childbearing potential.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients unable or unwilling to provide written informed consent; 2. Patients unable to undergo cardiac catheterisation; 3. Patients with contraindication to adenosine (severe asthma, second or third degree atrioventricular block, heart rate lower than 40/min at rest, previous formal diagnosis of long QT syndrome, acute decompensated heart failure, severe hypotension, advanced (stage IV) or decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); 4. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP \>180mmHg or DBP \>110mmHg, despite ongoing therapy); 5. Clinical heart failure NYHA class III/IV or Ejection Fraction on imaging modality (Echo, MRI) \<40%; 6. Severe valvular heart disease; 7. Severe (\>95% diameter) epicardial coronary stenosis; 8. Recent (last 12 months) clinically significant cerebrovascular event (including ischaemic or haemorrhagic events); 9. End-stage renal failure (eGFR \< 30 mL/min/1.73m2); 10. Advanced liver disease, defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) \> 3x ULN 11. Current use of PCSK9 inhibitor; 12. Malignancy with life expectancy \<1y; 13. Currently or within last 3 months enrolled on another CTIMP; 14. Known allergy to evolocumab or incipients; 15. Women of childbearing potential who are unwilling or unable to use a highly effective method of contraception from screening until 15 weeks after the last dose of IP. 16. Subject is pregnant or breast feeding or planning to become pregnant or to breastfeed during screening, during treatment with IP and/ or within 15 weeks after the end of treatment with IP.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal coronary flow velocity changes from baseline to 12 weeks | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy | Measured invasively using a doppler sensor tipped wire |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR), measured invasively | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy |
| Hyperaemic Microvascular Resistance, measured invasively | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy |
| Maximal coronary flow (non-invasive) measured non-invasively using ultrasound (echo) | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy and in single-blinded extended treatment arm at 24 weeks |
| Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR) (Non-invasive) measured non-invasively using ultrasound (echo) | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy and in single-blinded extended treatment arm at 24 weeks |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Coronary wave intensity analysis derived from invasive pressure and flow measurements | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy | Exploratory outcome |
| Exercise coronary flow reserve (CFR) (Non-invasive) measured non-invasively using ultrasound (echo). | Measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of therapy and in single-blinded extended treatment arm at 24 weeks | Exploratory outcome |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed