Gout, Hyperuricemia
Conditions
Brief summary
Non-interventional population-based prospective cohort study in multiple databases comparing patients with gout who initiate lesinurad in combination with an existing xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI) (lesinurad+XOI cohort) to a propensity score-matched cohort of similar patients from the same data source who continue treatment with XOI monotherapy (XOI mono cohort). Study will characterize the cardiovascular safety of lesinurad in combination with XOI in patients with gout aged 18+ years compared with similar patients who continue XOI monotherapy. Primary objective: to assess the relative incidence of major adverse cardiac events plus hospitalization for unstable angina (MACE+ events) in patients with gout in both cohorts. Secondary objectives: to describe the characteristics of the cohorts prior to matching; to assess the relative incidence of hospitalisation for acute kidney injury between the matched cohorts; to assess the relative incidence of individual MACE+ components in the matched cohorts.
Interventions
DRUGZurampic®
non-interventional study where patients are exposed to Zurampic® plus a xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol or febuxostat) during the normal course of clinical practice
DRUGControl group: xanthine oxidase inhibitor monotherapy
non-interventional study where patients are exposed to xanthine oxidase inhibitor monotherapy (allopurinol or febuxostat) during the normal course of clinical practice
Sponsors
AstraZeneca
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* More than one dispensing/prescription for an xanthine oxidase inhibotor (XOI) within the past 183 days prior to the index date and days' supply extending beyond the index date * A coded diagnosis of gout at any time in the past or on the index date * Age 18 years or older * Continuous enrolment in the database for the past 183 days
Exclusion criteria
* Patients on urate-lowering therapy medications within 6 months prior to the index date to manage gout (probenecid, benzbromarone, or pegloticase) other than an XOI (allopurinol, febuxostat) or lesinurad (not including medications to treat gout flares). * Patients with severe renal impairment defined using clinical diagnostic codes (i.e., a diagnosis code of CKD stage IV, end-stage renal disease, or an indicator that eCrCl is \< 30 mL/min at any time prior to the index date).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE+) | 2 year follow-up | MACE+ is a composite endpoint comprised of: hospitalisation for non-fatal AMI, stroke, or unstable angina and cardiovascular (CV) death. CV death includes the following causes, occurring in or out of the hospital: AMI, sudden cardiac, heart failure, CV procedures, CV haemorrhage, stroke, underlying cerebrovascular cause, other CV causes. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hospitalisation for acute kidney injury (AKI) including renal failure (with AKI as the primary diagnosis) | 2 year follow-up | Confirmed cases of AKI require all three of the following criteria: * A diagnosis of renal injury or acute renal injury recorded as a primary hospital discharge diagnosis in the electronic database AND * An increase in serum creatinine at hospital admission or within 48 hours of hospital admission defined as follows: * Increase in serum creatinine by ≥ 1.5-fold from baseline where baseline is lowest value recorded within 1 year before the hospital admission date OR * Decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or actual 24-hour GFR by ≥ 50% from baseline where baseline is highest value recorded within 1 year before the hospital admission date OR * Estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl) \< 30 mL/min AND * Absence of all the following contraindications for lesinurad patients at any time prior to the index date: * A diagnosis code of chronic kidney disease stage IV or greater * eCrCl \< 30 mL/min recorded at any time prior to the index date |
| Each individual component of MACE+ | 2 year follow-up | This can be the hospitalisation for non-fatal AMI, stroke, or unstable angina and cardiovascular (CV) death. |
Outcome results
None listed