Anesthesia, General, Pain, Pupil
Conditions
Brief summary
This study evaluates the validity of pupil diameter as an indicator of pain during surgery under general anesthesia.
Detailed description
Pupil diameter is known to be strongly correlated with sympathetic tone. During surgery under general anesthesia, there is no standardized means of pain assessment. As pain activates sympathetic nervous system, we hypothesized that pupil diameter can be a marker for pain during surgery.
Interventions
DEVICEPupil size
Measures the diameter of pupil before and after painful stimuli
Sponsors
Seoul National University Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_ONLY
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
3 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Children undergoing surgery under general anesthesia with total time of less than two hours
Exclusion criteria
* Children whose parent or legal guardian declined to enroll * Any use of opioids during surgery * History of hypersensitivity to any anesthetic agents * Any medication that can affect sympathetic nervous activity * Presence of underlying ophthalmologic disease
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pupil diameter | From start of anesthesia to end of anesthesia | Pupil diameter before and after painful stimuli (skin incision, train-of-four stimulation) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bispectral index | From start of anesthesia to end of anesthesia | Bispectral index before and after painful stimuli (skin incision, train-of-four stimulation) |
| Pleth variability index | From start of anesthesia to end of anesthesia | Pleth variability index before and after painful stimuli (skin incision, train-of-four stimulation) |
Countries
South Korea
Outcome results
None listed