Apraxias, Stroke
Conditions
Keywords
Activity of daily living, Stroke, Apraxia, Action of daily living, Cup of tea
Brief summary
Apraxia and action disorganization syndrome after stroke can disrupt activities of daily living (ADL). Occupational therapy has been effective in improving ADL performance, however, inclusion of multiple tasks means it is unclear which therapy elements contribute to improvement. This study evaluates the efficacy of a task model approach to ADL rehabilitation, comparing training in making a cup of tea with a gait training control condition.
Detailed description
Apraxia and action disorganization syndrome (AADS) after stroke can disrupt activities of daily living (ADLs). Occupational therapy has been effective in improving ADL performance, however, inclusion of multiple tasks means it is unclear which therapy elements contribute to improvement. This trial evaluates the efficacy of a task model approach to ADL rehabilitation, comparing training in making a cup of tea with a stepping training control condition. Stroke survivors with AADS participate in a cross-over randomized controlled study. Participants attend five 1-hour tea making training sessions in which progress is monitored and feedback given using a computer-based system which implements a Markov Decision Process (MDP) task model (CogWatch). In a control condition participants receive five 1-hour stepping sessions. Analysis compares tea making training with stepping training effects on error reduction and time taken in making 4 different tea types. A complex tea preparation task (making two different cups of tea simultaneously) is used to test for generalisation of training effects.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALTask model (CogWatch)
Sponsors
University of Birmingham
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
Crossover randomized control
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 90 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* greater than 2 months post stroke; medically stable; failing at least one of four praxis items in the Birmingham Cognitive Screen (BCoS) or a document filing task.
Exclusion criteria
* recent stroke (less than 2 months post stroke); not medically stable
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in tea making accuracy | 3 assessments over 12 weeks | In three assessment sessions (initial, post-phase 1 training, post-phase 2 training), participants are seated at a table with objects and ingredients required for making a cup of tea placed in standard positions. Participants are instructed to make 8 cups of tea, one at a time, comprising two of each of the following; black tea, black tea with sugar, tea with milk and tea with milk and sugar. Each trial is recorded with a video camera. Videos of the participants making simple tea are analysed by a researcher blinded to the session definition. The summed errors across the 8 tea making trials at each assessment are used to provide a measure of accuracy for each participant. Change in tea making accuracy pre- and post-training of tea making is contrasted with change in tea making accuracy pre- and post-training of stepping. |
| Change in tea making speed | 3 assessments over 12 weeks | In three assessment sessions (initial, post-phase 1 training, post-phase 2 training), participants are seated at a table with objects and ingredients required for making a cup of tea placed in standard positions. Participants are instructed to make 8 cups of tea, one at a time, comprising two of each of the following; black tea, black tea with sugar, tea with milk and tea with milk and sugar. Each trial is recorded with a video camera. Videos of the participants making simple tea are analysed by a researcher blinded to the session definition. The average completion time is used as a measure of speed for each participant. Change in tea making speed pre- and post-training of tea making is contrasted with change in tea making speed pre- and post-training of stepping. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Tea making accuracy at follow-up | 2 assessments over 15 weeks | In a fourth, follow-up assessment session (7 or 15 weeks post-tea making training), participants are seated at a table with objects and ingredients required for making a cup of tea placed in standard positions. Participants are instructed to make 8 cups of tea, one at a time, comprising two of each of the following; black tea, black tea with sugar, tea with milk and tea with milk and sugar. Each trial is recorded with a video camera. Videos of the participants making simple tea are analysed by a researcher blinded to the session definition. The summed errors across the 8 tea making trials at each assessment are used to provide a measure of accuracy for each participant. Tea making accuracy at follow-up is compared with tea making accuracy post-training of tea making. |
| Change in complex tea making accuracy | 3 assessments over 12 weeks | In three assessment sessions (initial, post-phase 1 training, post-phase 2 training), participants are seated at a table with objects and ingredients required for making two cups of tea placed in standard positions. Participants are instructed to make 4 cups of tea, two at a time, comprising one cup with tea, lemon and 1 sugar cube and the other with tea, milk and 2 sweeteners. Each trial is recorded with a video camera. Videos of the participants making complex tea are analysed by a researcher blinded to the session definition. The summed errors across the 4 tea making trials at each assessment are used to provide a measure of accuracy for each participant. Change in complex tea making accuracy pre- and post-training of tea making is contrasted with change in complex tea making accuracy pre- and post-training of stepping. |
Outcome results
None listed