Alzheimer Disease, Early Onset
Conditions
Keywords
Young-onset dementia, Alzheimer's disease, rTMS, TBS
Brief summary
Young-onset dementia (YOD) is a devastating condition, and it produces substantial psychosocial impacts on individual's functioning and family's care burden. Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia is the most common type in YOD. Medication treatment Response was limited and unsatisfactory. In recent years, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been considered an alternative for the improvement of cognition in older patients with cognitive impairment. This study aims to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of theta-burst stimulation (TBS) on cognitive function in individuals with young-onset AD.
Detailed description
The investigators apply the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria to recruit the biomarker-defined, young-onset AD patients with intermediate-to-high levels of biological evidence. This is a randomized, sham-controlled, 2-way crossover study, and combined neuroimaging study of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to further explore the potential mechanisms. This study will consist of two intervention periods. A total of 50 young-onset AD patients will be consecutively recruited and be randomized into one of two groups: active and sham stimulation (n = 25 per group) in every intervention period. Besides, 20 cognitively normal subjects will be recruited for neuroimaging comparison. Cognitive evaluation will be performed before and immediately after treatment at 2 weeks of TBS intervention, and 4 weeks after TBS. Data on functional neuroimaging will be also collected before and after TBS protocol.
Interventions
We will perform standard intermittent TBS (iTBS) parameters to left DLPFC of every patient in the study. The frequency parameters of TBS are 3-pulse 50-Hz bursts, every 200 ms at 5 Hz, and the intensity is 90% of active motor threshold. A single session of iTBS contains 2 s of TBS repeated every 10 s for 20 times. In this study, we will give two sessions of iTBS separated by 15 min.
Sponsors
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Any patient has a definite diagnosis of AD dementia according to the NIA-AA criteria for intermediate-to-high levels of biological evidence of probable and possible AD dementia (McKhann et al. 2011). 2. Dementia onset before age 65 years old. 3. Age between 50-75 years old for patient and control group. 4. The severity of dementia is limited to mild to moderate stage in current project. The definition of mild to moderate stage of dementia is based on the clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) from 0.5-2. 5. Cognitively normal controls MMSE≧24, CDR should be 0. 6. Informed consent provided by the patient and family.
Exclusion criteria
1. Any subject has a definite diagnosis of epilepsy or history of seizure attack. 2. Current or past history of clinically significant neurological insults affecting brain structure or function like completed stroke, head injury or brain tumor. 3. Any subject has clinically significant or unstable medical diseases including metabolic, renal, liver, lung or cardiovascular disorders including metabolic, renal, liver, lung or cardiovascular disorders 4. Any subject has current alcohol or other substances abuse and/ or dependence within the recent one year, or previously prolonged history of substances abuse 5. Any females who is pregnant or lactating 6. General MRI, TMS and/or PET
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline MMSE total scores immediately after TBS intervention | Before and immediately after TBS intervention | The changes of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total scores (score range from 0 to 30, higher values represent a better cognitive outcome) |
| Change from baseline MMSE total scores 4 weeks after TBS intervention | Before and 4 weeks after TBS intervention | The changes of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total scores (score range from 0 to 30, higher values represent a better cognitive outcome) |
| Change from baseline ADAS-Cog total scores immediately after TBS intervention | Before and immediately after TBS intervention | The changes of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) total scores (score range from 0 to 70, higher score indicates a worse cognitive outcome) |
| Change from baseline ADAS-Cog total scores 4 weeks after TBS intervention | Before and 4 weeks after TBS intervention | The changes of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog) total scores (score range from 0 to 70, higher score indicates a worse cognitive outcome) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The standard uptake values changes of FDG-PET | Before and 1 week after TBS intervention | The standard uptake values (SUV) changes of cerebral glucose metabolism using 18F-FDG-PET |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORKUAN YI WU
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Outcome results
None listed