Anxiety, Stress, Satisfaction, Patient, Preparedness, Information Needs
Conditions
Keywords
Patient education, Virtual reality
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of an immersive virtual reality (VR)-based education program with a form of patient education commonly provided by clinics (e.g., an educational video) at delivering education to breast cancer patients as they prepare for radiation therapy treatment. Self-evaluation questionnaires completed by participants will be used to measure changes in information needs and anxiety, stress, preparedness and satisfaction levels pre/post education between the VR-based education and video education groups in this study. Expanded access to the current VR-based education program will depend on licensing status for associated assets by interested parties.
Detailed description
Breast cancer patients experience anxiety, potentially reaching levels that are considered clinically-relevant. Prior research in this area has described the information needs of breast cancer patients at different time points as they proceed through the radiotherapy treatment process. Of high importance seems to be addressing patients' information needs through sensory and procedural information as a mechanism of anxiety reduction. The study team created an immersive VR-based education program that enables breast cancer patients to experience the procedure and emotions associated with radiation therapy prior to their actual treatment by offering controlled virtual exposure to the clinical environments involved in the treatment process. An educational video on the process of receiving radiation therapy is considered standard education at the majority of the clinical sites involved in this study. Participants enrolled in this study will be randomly assigned to either the VR-based education group or the video education group. Participation in this project will provide insight into aspects of patient education that are most effective at reducing anxiety and stress levels and meeting patients' information needs when undergoing radiation therapy treatment.
Interventions
OTHERVideo Education
Prior to their CT simulation, participants will receive education on radiation therapy in the form of a video.
OTHERVR-based Education
Prior to their CT simulation, participants will receive education on radiation therapy in the form of an immersive VR program delivered through a head-mounted display (HMD).
Sponsors
Marquette University
Froedtert Hospital
Medical College of Wisconsin
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Patient is 18 years of age or older 2. Patient is female 3. Patient has been diagnosed with breast cancer 4. Patient will be receiving whole breast radiation therapy without supraclavicular nodal irradiation 5. Patient is scheduled for an outpatient radiation oncology visit 6. Patient has the ability to understand a written informed consent document, and the willingness to sign it 7. Patient has the ability to complete a series of self-reported questionnaires
Exclusion criteria
1. Non-English-speaking patients (as the VR education program includes English narration) 2. Patients with visual defects that affect their ability to watch a movie 3. Patients with auditory defects that affect their ability to listen with headphones 4. Patients who have worked in the field of radiation oncology as they would have previously undergone treatment-related education 5. Patients who have been treated previously with radiation oncology as they would have previously undergone treatment-related education 6. Patients that have been diagnosed with epilepsy, conditions causing seizures, or have any previous history of seizures because a very minute number of head-mounted display (HMD) users have experienced a seizure as a result of using the device 7. Patients with a reported history of cognitive disability as their ability to understand educational content may be impaired 8. Patients with a history of severe motion sickness because a side effect of using a HMD in a very small number of users is motion sickness symptoms 9. Patients with a pacemaker, hearing aid(s), and/or defibrillator, while patients with other types of electronic medical devices / implants will be assessed for eligibility on a case-by-case basis because there could be potential interference with the HMD
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session) | The Visual Analog Scale for Stress was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of stress level from 0 (no stress at all) to 100 (most stressed ever). |
| Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session) | The STAI was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. The STAI consists of two scales: one for measuring trait anxiety and one for measuring state anxiety. Both of the scales have ranges from 20 - 80, with higher scores representing higher anxiety. |
| Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session) | The Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of preparedness for their RT treatment from 0 (not prepared at all) to 100 (completely prepared). |
| Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session) | The Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction was administered at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of satisfaction from their experience with the radiation oncology department from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 100 (completely satisfied). |
| Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session) | The Information Needs Scale was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants were asked to indicate how important it was for them to have information on a set of items related to radiation therapy treatment from 1 (not important) to 9 (very important). Participants were also asked to indicate whether they felt their needed level of information for each item was met, partially met, or unmet at the time of questionnaire completion, which is reported here. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
Participants were recruited based on screening pre-existing medical records conducted by the study team/staff and physician concurrence at 3 academic medical centers within the same regional health network between July 2019 and March 2020. The first participant was enrolled in August 2019 and the last participant was enrolled in March 2020.
Pre-assignment details
Of 28 consented participants, 26 were found eligible and randomized to an intervention. One participant was considered ineligible after consent after moving treatment out of state and one participant's participation in the study was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Video Education Participants will receive video education on radiation therapy.
Video Education: Prior to their CT simulation, participants will receive education on radiation therapy in the form of a video. | 12 |
| VR-based Education Participants will receive VR-based education on radiation therapy.
VR-based Education: Prior to their CT simulation, participants will receive education on radiation therapy in the form of an immersive VR program delivered through a head-mounted display (HMD). | 12 |
| Total | 24 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Change in Treatment Course | 0 | 1 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal after participant advisal they viewed exact same education intervention prior to visit | 1 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | VR-based Education | Video Education | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 58.92 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.29 | 57.25 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 9 | 58.08 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.98 |
| Highest education level = high school/GED | 3 Participants | 3 Participants | 6 Participants |
| Previous chemotherapy = yes | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized White/Non-Hispanic | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Region of Enrollment United States | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 12 Participants | 12 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Study site = Group 1 | 3 Participants | 1 Participants | 4 Participants |
| T stage = non-DCIS | 10 Participants | 9 Participants | 19 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 12 | 0 / 12 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 12 | 0 / 12 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 12 | 0 / 12 |
Outcome results
Primary
Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores
The STAI was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. The STAI consists of two scales: one for measuring trait anxiety and one for measuring state anxiety. Both of the scales have ranges from 20 - 80, with higher scores representing higher anxiety.
Time frame: Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-Trait: Pre-education | 34.17 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.504 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: Pre-education | 35.42 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.118 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: Post-education | 29.58 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.434 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: After radiation therapy | 33.00 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.41 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: After radiation therapy | 31.00 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 7.897 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-Trait: Pre-education | 32.75 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 5.083 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: Post-education | 31.92 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.908 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Anxiety Using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for Adults Scores | STAI-State: Pre-education | 37.17 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 8.943 |
p-value: <0.05multivariate regression
Primary
Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores
The Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of preparedness for their RT treatment from 0 (not prepared at all) to 100 (completely prepared).
Time frame: Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | Pre-education | 63.50 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 22.11 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | Post-education | 82.50 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 21.73 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | After radiation therapy | 90.83 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.04 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | Pre-education | 51.25 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 22.37 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | Post-education | 82.42 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 14.59 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Preparedness Using the Visual Analog Scale for Preparedness Scores | After radiation therapy | 87.08 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 19.36 |
p-value: <0.05multivariate regression
Primary
Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores
The Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction was administered at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of satisfaction from their experience with the radiation oncology department from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 100 (completely satisfied).
Time frame: Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | Pre-education | 95.42 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.557 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | Post-education | 95.42 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 6.557 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | After radiation therapy | 95.83 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 9.003 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | Pre-education | 87.92 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 11.96 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | Post-education | 91.25 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 10.03 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Satisfaction Using the Visual Analog Scale for Satisfaction Scores | After radiation therapy | 89.17 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 19.64 |
p-value: <0.05multivariate regression
Primary
Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores
The Visual Analog Scale for Stress was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants indicated where they fell in terms of stress level from 0 (no stress at all) to 100 (most stressed ever).
Time frame: Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session)
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | Post-education | 22.83 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 22.93 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | Pre-education | 25.17 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 19.85 |
| Video Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | After radiation therapy | 33.08 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 30.7 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | Post-education | 22.50 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 17.25 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | Pre-education | 35.83 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 21.41 |
| VR-based Education | Intra- and Inter-arm Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in Stress Using the Visual Analog Scale for Stress Scores | After radiation therapy | 25.83 score on a scale | Standard Deviation 18.69 |
p-value: <0.05multivariate regression
Primary
Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores
The Information Needs Scale was administered as a self-evaluation questionnaire at three time points. Participants were asked to indicate how important it was for them to have information on a set of items related to radiation therapy treatment from 1 (not important) to 9 (very important). Participants were also asked to indicate whether they felt their needed level of information for each item was met, partially met, or unmet at the time of questionnaire completion, which is reported here.
Time frame: Directly pre/post education (education appointment), directly following first radiation therapy (RT) treatment (first RT session)
Population: Proportional differences in pre-post intervention changes in the met need count per arm of information need topics related to radiation therapy treatment using the Information Needs Scale scores.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 8. The treatment machine | 1 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 12. What side effects I may experience | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 22. Parking | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 18. Who can provide me with information | 7 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 9. What happens on the first day | 0 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 16. How to take care of my skin | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 1 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 9 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 4. How my treatment is planned | 5 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 18. Who can provide me with information | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 20. The cost of treatment | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 0 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 20. The cost of treatment | 2 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 21. Transport that is available | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 21. Transport that is available | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 5 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 22. Parking | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 22. Parking | 7 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 1 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 4. How my treatment is planned | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 12 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 12. What side effects I may experience | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 8. The treatment machine | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 4. How my treatment is planned | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 9. What happens on the first day | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 7 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 10 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 12 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 9 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 4 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 12. What side effects I may experience | 9 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 9 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 5 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 16. How to take care of my skin | 5 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 8. The treatment machine | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 8 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 18. Who can provide me with information | 12 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 9. What happens on the first day | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 9 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 3 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 20. The cost of treatment | 5 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 11 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 21. Transport that is available | 6 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 16. How to take care of my skin | 2 Participants |
| Video Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 4 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 9 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 4. How my treatment is planned | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 8 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 2 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 8. The treatment machine | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 9. What happens on the first day | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 2 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 12. What side effects I may experience | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 16. How to take care of my skin | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 3 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 18. Who can provide me with information | 2 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 20. The cost of treatment | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 21. Transport that is available | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 22. Parking | 3 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 4. How my treatment is planned | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 9 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 6 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 8. The treatment machine | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 9. What happens on the first day | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 9 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 12. What side effects I may experience | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 7 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 7 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 4 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 16. How to take care of my skin | 2 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 18. Who can provide me with information | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Pre-education: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 2 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 20. The cost of treatment | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 21. Transport that is available | 0 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | Post-education: 22. Parking | 1 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 1. Why I need to receive radiation therapy | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 2. What radiation therapy will involve | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 3. What happens during the planning appointment | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 4. How my treatment is planned | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 5. The radiation oncologist who will be treating me | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 6. The roles of the different staff in the department | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 7. How much of my breast will be treated | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 8. The treatment machine | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 9. What happens on the first day | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 10. Why there are cameras & computers in treatment room & what are they for | 12 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 11. What the x-rays that are taken on the treatment machine are used for | 9 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 12. What side effects I may experience | 8 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 13. Whether the radiation will effect my heart | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 14. Whether my lungs will be damaged by treatment | 10 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 15. Other people's experiences of receiving treatment | 7 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 16. How to take care of my skin | 6 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 17. Whether I can keep working during treatment | 9 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 18. Who can provide me with information | 11 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 19. What will happen after treatment is finished | 6 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 20. The cost of treatment | 3 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 21. Transport that is available | 3 Participants |
| VR-based Education | Proportional Differences in Pre-post Intervention Changes in the Met Need Count Per Arm of Information Need Topics Related to Radiation Therapy Treatment Using the Information Needs Scale Scores | After radiation therapy: 22. Parking | 3 Participants |
Comparison: The statistical test described below was only performed on the top 10 items on the scale rated the highest in importance by participants. The top 10 items were determined by computing the mean rating for each item (participants gave each item a rating from '1' - '9' with higher values representing greater importance) and selecting the 10 items with the largest mean values, excluding the item the radiation oncologist who will be treating me as that item was not addressed in either intervention.p-value: <0.05Univariate analysis