Melena
Conditions
Keywords
magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy, detection algorithm
Brief summary
MCE first algorithm is not inferior to standard of care algorithm in terms of further bleeding in hemodynamically stable patients with acute overt and non-hematochezia GI bleeding.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTMCE first
Patients randomized to the MCE first group will have a MCE deployed as soon as possible once confirmed to fast for at least 8 hours.
Sponsors
Changhai Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 18 years * Presenting to the outpatient department or emergency department with melena (without hematemesis) within the previous 48 hours * Hemodynamically stable (blood pressure \> 100/60 mmHg and heart rate \< 100 bpm) at presentation * No endoscopy performed after the new onset of melena
Exclusion criteria
* Presenting with hematochezia and/or hematemesis within the previous 48 hours of presentation * Hemodynamically stable after initial volume resuscitation * Drop of hemoglobin level ≥ 2 g/dL/day, and/or need of transfusion ≥ 2 units of packed red blood cells per day * Contraindications of CE (e.g. dysphagia, Zenker's diverticulum, esophageal stricture, known or suspected gastric or small bowel obstruction or perforation, gastroparesis, history of upper gastrointestinal surgery or abdominal surgery altering gastrointestinal anatomy, or post-abdominal radiation, etc.) * Presence of internal cardiac defibrillator (ICD), pacemaker and/or other implanted electronic devices (cochlea, drug infusion pump, nerve stimulator, etc.) or magnetic metal foreign bodies; possibility of requiring an MRI examination prior to capsule excretion * Patients who cannot undergo surgery in the event of capsule retention * Pregnant and/or lactating women * Patients with altered mental status (such as hepatic encephalopathy) * Patients moribund from terminal malignant diseases or other end-stage illnesses with a limited life expectancy * Unable to consent
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The rate of bleeding lesions detection. | 1 month | Detection rate of bleeding lesions is defined as proportion of patients in whom a potential bleeding lesion is identified. Visualization of gross blood (fresh/coffee grounds) without any lesion will not be considered as a positive diagnosis. The panel will provide a diagnosis based upon the lesion presenting the highest potential for bleeding if there are many lesions detected. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The number of procedures patients underwent for detection of the bleeding lesions | 1 month | — |
| The number of colonoscopy needed | 1 month | — |
| Rate of therapeutic intervention required of all patients | 1 month | Therapeutic interventions include therapeutic endoscopy, radiologic intervention or surgery. |
| The length of hospital stay | 1 month | — |
| The time of the bleeding lesions detected from admission | 1 month | — |
| Time to therapeutic intervention from presentation | 1 month | — |
| The rate of recurrent bleeding within 30 days of discharge | 1 month | Further bleeding is defined as overt (hematemesis, melena or hematochezia) or occult (anemia or fecal occult blood positive) bleeding requiring subsequent hospitalization or transfusion, and/or signs of hypovolemic shock (systolic blood pressure of \<100 mmHg and pulse rate \>100 per min) or a drop-in hemoglobin level of \>2g/dL per 24hours. |
| The all-cause mortality within 30 days of discharge | 1 month | — |
| Transfusion rate | 1 month | — |
| The cumulative direct cost of hospitalization | 1 month | — |
Outcome results
None listed