Gestational Diabetes, Glucose Intolerance, Iron Deficiency Anemia of Pregnancy, Iron Metabolism Disorders
Conditions
Brief summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as hyperglycemia with blood glucose values above normal but below those diagnostic of DM, and iron deficiency (ID) with or without anemia (IDA) are common during pregnancy. Both disease patterns are associated with an increased risk of complications during pregnancy and at delivery and may have a variety of negative effects on different aspects of child development. Thus, GDM and ID/IDA during pregnancy should be prevented. Whether iron supplementation with high oral doses acutely increases hepcidin during pregnancy, and whether this acute iron-induced increase in hepcidin decreases insulin sensitivity, is uncertain.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT100mg iron fumarate
100mg iron fumarate b.i.d. for 4 consecutive days
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTBurgerstein Schwangerschaft & Stillzeit
contains 30 mg iron fumarate, given on 14 consecutive days
Sponsors
University Hospital, Zürich
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* week of pregnancy 24-28 * pre-pregnancy BMI \<27.5kg/m2 * singleton pregnancy * Hb \> 8.0 g/dl Willing to either: * not take any iron supplements for 14 days (however, participants will receive a similar amount of total iron during the 4 study days that they would normally receive over 14 days) OR * to take the multivitamin Burgerstein Schwangerschaft and Stillzeit supplements over the 14 days (contains 30 mg iron)
Exclusion criteria
* iron infusion within the past 6 months * severely anemic Hb\<8.0g/dl * acute or chronic disease * long-term medication * medical problems known to affect iron homeostasis * smoking
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| insulin | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| Serum hepcidin | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| Serum iron | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| glucose | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| c-reactive protein | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| alpha glycoprotein | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| Serum ferritin | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
| soluble transferrin receptor | before OGTT, 1 day before high/low iron supplementation |
Countries
Switzerland
Contacts
Primary ContactNicole U Stoffel, PhD
Outcome results
None listed