Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Metabolic Syndrome, Metabolic Syndrome, Protection Against
Conditions
Keywords
High Protein, Metabolism, Diet
Brief summary
The goal of this proposal is to determine the effect of a high protein diet in which the increase in protein intake is derived from different sources (animal vs plant and protein-rich whole foods vs protein isolates) on: i) liver and muscle insulin sensitivity; ii) the metabolic response to a meal, and iii) 24-h plasma concentration profiles of glucose, glucoregulatory hormones, and protein-derived metabolites purported to cause metabolic dysfunction.
Interventions
OTHERHigh animal protein isolate
Increased dietary protein content from animal protein isolates
OTHERHigh animal protein whole food
Increased dietary protein content from animal protein whole food
OTHERHigh plant protein isolate
Increased dietary protein content from plant protein isolates
OTHERHigh plant protein whole food
Increased dietary protein content from animal protein whole food
Sponsors
University of Missouri-Columbia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* age: ≥21 and ≤70 years; * BMI: \>24.5 and \<32.5 kg/m2; * habitual protein intake \<0.9 g/kg/day (assessed on 2 weekdays and 2 weekend days by using the HealthWatch 360 app); and * weight stable (i.e., ≤3% change) and untrained (≤150 min of structured exercise/week) for at least 2 months before entering the study.
Exclusion criteria
* prediabetes or type 2 diabetes; * evidence of chronic kidney disease by medical history or laboratory tests (glomerular filtration rate \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or an albumin to creatinine ratio in urine ≥30 mg/g); * vegetarians or vegans; * intolerance or allergies to ingredients in the metabolic meal or intervention diet; * take dietary supplements (e.g., pre- and probiotics, fiber, fish oil) or medications known to affect our study outcomes; * received antibiotic or antifungal treatment (which affect the microbiome and therefore microbial metabolite production) 2 months before entering the study; * consume tobacco products or excessive alcohol (women: \>14 drinks/week; men: \>21 drinks/week); * evidence of significant organ system dysfunction or diseases (e.g., cirrhosis), and * unwilling or unable to provide informed consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 24-hour plasma glucose concentration | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Insulin sensitivity assessed as insulin-mediated glucose disposal during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postprandial plasma amino acid concentration | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Endothelial function, assessed as reactive hyperemia index | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
| mTOR signaling (phospho-S6 content) in circulating monocytes | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Postprandial plasma glucose concentration | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
| Postprandial plasma insulin concentration | up to 12 weeks after the intervention |
Countries
United States
Contacts
CONTACTBETTINA MITTENDORFER
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORBettina Mittendorfer
University of Missouri-Columbia
Outcome results
None listed