Candidiasis, Esophageal, Cryptococcosis, HIV Infections, Leishmaniasis, Toxoplasmosis, Tuberculosis
Conditions
Keywords
HIV, Opportunistic infection, CD4+ T cells, AIDS defining condition
Brief summary
HIV patients are likely to suffer from opportunistic infections, in absence of highly active retroviral therapy. This happens due to lack of awareness of HIV status among patients or unresponsive to anti retroviral drugs. This study is for the prevalence of AIDS defining OIs among treatment naive HIV patients.
Detailed description
Oppotunistic infections (OIs) happen in persons with weakened immune system. HIV patients, who remain untreated due to lack of knowledge of existing HIV infections, often get OIs. HIV patients with AIDS defining OIs fall into stage 3 of HIV illness. Prevalence of OIs in resource poor settings are tuberculosis (pulmonary and extra pulmonary), toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and oesophageal candidiasis. There are a few data to show AIDS defining OIs in treatment naïve HIV patients. Incidence of OIs among HIV patients in United States, and Canada between 2000 to 2019 was 9%. Leading OIs were peumocystis Jiroveci, oesophageal candidiasis and disseminated MAC or M. kansassi. Minimal diagnoses at poor settings can be made by observation of symptoms, use of microscope, imaging and diagnostic therapy.
Interventions
OTHERCD4 cell count
CD4 cell count from treatment naive HIV patients
Sponsors
Singh, Ranjan Kumar, M.D.
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
• HAART naïve HIV patient
Exclusion criteria
* Patients died during screening * Transferred in HIV patients
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of AIDS defining OIs | Six months | Calculate number of total HIV patients with or without opportunistic infections (n). Again calculate no of HIV patients with opportunistic infections (n1). Then calculate prevalence of HIV +ve patients with opportunistic infections by applying formula n1/n x100. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Compare CD4 cell in cases of HIV with OIs with CD4 cell of HIV patients without OIs | Six months | Find out CD4 cell counts (cells /μL) of HIV patients with CD4 cell counts (cells/μL) of HIV patients without OIs. By calculating mean/SD of CD4 cells in both groups, comparison by chi square test would be done. |
Countries
India
Outcome results
None listed