Anxiety, Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Psychological Distress
Conditions
Keywords
Refugees, Mental Health
Brief summary
To implement Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) in Syrian refugees with this RCT to evaluate feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the culturally adapted Group PM+ intervention for adult Syrian refugees in Turkey.
Detailed description
The STRENGTHS (Syrian REfuGees MeNTal HealTH Care Systems) study is a 5-year study that started in January 2017 with funding from the European Commission Horizon 2020 scheme. Turkey is one of the eight sites in STRENGTHS project that this study will be conducted. The main aim of STRENGTHS in Turkey is to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the culturally adapted psychological intervention Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention for adult Syrian refugees in Turkey. Study participants (n=380) will consist of adult Syrian refugees (18 years and older) in Turkey with self-reported functional impairment (WHODAS 2.0 \>16) and elevated psychological distress (K10 \>15.9). Participants will be randomly allocated either to the treatment group who will receive five sessions of PM+ or to the enhanced care-as-usual (E-CAU) group. Participants in the comparison group will receive E-CAU only. The primary outcome will be the decrease in psychological distress from baseline to three-month post-intervention assessment, measured through the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25).
Interventions
BEHAVIORALProblem Management Plus (PM+)
This intervention is based on the WHO treatment guidelines for conditions related to stress (WHO, 2013). It is a 5-session intervention that is delivered by trained non-specialists, and is available in individual and group delivery formats for both children and adults. PM+ includes evidence-based techniques such as; problem solving, stress management, behavioral activation, and accessing social support. It has proved to be effective by two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Kenya and Pakistan (Bryant, Dawson, Schafer, Sijbrandij, & van Ommeren, 2016; Rahman, Hamdani, Awan, Bryant, Dawson, Khan, Mukhtar-ul-Haq Azeemi, et al., 2016).
Sponsors
European Commission
Istanbul Sehir University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults of 18 years or above * Syrian under temporary protection status * Arabic-speaking * Elevated levels of psychological distress (K10 \>15) and reduced psychosocial functioning (WHODAS 2.0 \>16)
Exclusion criteria
* Acute medical conditions * Imminent suicide risk or expressed acute needs/protection risks (e.g., a young woman who expresses that she is at acute risk of being assaulted or killed) * Severe mental disorder (psychotic disorders, substance-dependence) * Severe cognitive impairment (e.g., severe intellectual disability or dementia)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to measure the change in psychological distress. Sub-scales can be calculated for depression (13 items) and anxiety symptoms (10 items). There are two items related to somatic symptoms. The items are rated on a 1-4 point Likert scale, with a well-validated cut-off score of 1.75. The current study will primarily look at the total score in which the lower values represent a better outcome. Furthermore, aim is to examine changes in caseness in depression, a cut-off score for the depression sub-scale of 2.1 will be used. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to measure the change in PTSD symptoms. PCL-5 is a 20-item checklist corresponding with the 20 DSM-5 PTSD symptoms. Items are rated on a 0-4 scale and add up to a total severity score of 80, with higher scores indicating worse symptomatology. The current study will primarily look at the total score in which the lower values represent a better outcome. |
| Psychological Outcome Measures (PSYCHLOPS) | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to assess the change in self-identified problems. PSYCHLOPS consists of four questions. It contains three domains: 2 questions on problems, 1 question on function, and 1 question on well-being. Participants are asked to give free text responses to the problem and function domains. Responses are scored on a 0-5 scale producing a maximum score of 20 (six points per domain). The current study will primarily look at the total score in which the lower values represent a better outcome. |
| Access to health care: own questionnaire | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to assess the change in access to health care. The questionnaire will include 70 questions on perceived access to health care. 57 of those questions will be two-way closed ended questions (yes or no) with the addition of the items don't know and refused to answer. 13 of these questions are asking the type of help received (counselling/psychotherapy, psychological support, and medicines) with the addition of the items don't know and refused to answer. The current study will look at the change in the access to health care. |
| Socio-demographic information and disability: WHODAS | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to assess the difficulties people have due to their illness across domains during the last 30 days. This questionnaire includes 12 questions scored on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (extreme), before summation (range 0-48). Higher scores indicate worse functional impairment. |
| Client Service Receipt Inventory (CSRI) | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), change from post-assessment at 3 month post-intervention assessment (4-4.5 months after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim is to measure the change in the cost of care. CSRI was developed for the collection of data on service utilization, and related characteristics of people with mental disorders, as the basis for calculating the costs of care for mental health cost-effectiveness research. The current study will assess the health service utilization ad productivity impact |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Traumatic experiences questionnaire: own questionnaire | Change from baseline assessment, at 1 week post-intervention assessment (6 weeks after baseline), and change from at 12 month post intervention assessment | The aim of the questionnaire is to assess the trauma exposure. The questionnaire has 28 items items from the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), and the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS), and specific traumatic experiences of Syrian refugees. The items scored as 1 (yes) or 0 (no), ranging from 0 to 28. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed