Cancer of Stomach, GastroEsophageal Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Parenteral Nutrition (PN), Cancer
Brief summary
The present trial will be conducted to verify if early supplemental parenteral nutrition in combination with nutritional counseling improves survival and the feasibility of chemotherapy, in addition to nutritional status, body composition, functional status and quality of life in treatment-naïve patients with metastatic gastric cancer at nutritional risk undergoing first-line chemotherapy.
Detailed description
Although it is known that nutritional support can improve clinical outcomes, the literature shows that only around 50% of cancer patients are able to satisfy estimated protein-calorie requirements. It is also emerging a strong correlation between nutritional status, particularly body composition, and adherence to active treatment. International guidelines suggest that parenteral nutrition (PN) is recommended in malnourished, hypophagic cancer patients suffering from gastrointestinal complications or with expected prolonged inadequate food intake, when enteral nutrition is not feasible. Although recent trials suggest that supplemental PN (SPN) could help to improve the nutritional status of malnourished cancer patients, there are no studies on the clinical effects of early SPN in cancer patients at nutritional risk receiving first-line chemotherapy.
Interventions
OTHERNutritional counseling alone
Nutritional counseling consists of a personalized dietary prescription (including sample meal plans and recipe suggestions) tailored on personal eating patterns and food preferences, in order to achieve estimated protein-calorie requirements and to take into account chewing and swallowing abilities. Regular consultation by a registered dietitian will be also provided every 10 days by means of face-to-face interviews (at scheduled follow-up visits - chemotherapy cycle) and telephone interviews (planned between chemotherapy cycles and as required by the patient). In the presence of significant reduction of normal food intake, the use of oral nutritional supplements will be also considered. In the presence of body weight loss \>10% of the weight recorded at enrollment, patients allocated to this group group will be censored and treated according to current supportive care guidelines, including home parenteral nutrition.
OTHEREarly supplemental parenteral nutrition plus nutritional counseling
Patients will receive nutritional counseling in combination with systematic early supplemental home parenteral nutrition since diagnosis. Supplemental home parenteral nutrition will be prescribed, provided daily and adjusted throughout the study (approximately every 10 days, until the end of the scheduled first-line chemotherapy) according to estimated protein-calorie oral intakes, in order to satisfy estimated requirements. Home parenteral nutrition will be infused mainly during night hours, using multi-chamber bags containing olive oil-based lipid emulsions, when not contraindicated.
Sponsors
Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal cancer; * no previous chemotherapy for metastatic disease; * indication for a first-line chemotherapy with a combination of 2 drugs including platinum derivatives (plus Trastuzumab if HER2+) to be used by investigator's choice within the framework of good clinical practice and in agreement with current Italian Association of Medical Oncology guidelines; * measurable disease based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST); * presence of nutritional risk (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 score ≥3); * availability of permanent venous access (Port, Groshong, PICC); * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤2; * availability of a home parenteral nutrition service to continue nutritional plan as scheduled; * signed informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
* age \<18 years * ECOG performance status \>2 * indication to complete artificial nutrition support (totally compromised spontaneous food-intake) * contraindication to parenteral nutrition (abnormal glucose and electrolytes control, hyper-triglyceridemia, impaired hemodynamic control and fluid retention) * availability of jejunostomy for nutritional purposes * ongoing home artificial nutrition * unfeasible home parenteral nutrition for social/familial reasons * absence of caregivers * patients refusal
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Combined endpoint - overall survival and weight maintenance | 12 months | A combined endpoint consisting of overall and/or absence of unintentional weight loss \>10% of the weight recorded at enrollment |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall survival | 12 months | Overall survival |
| Treatment-related moderate-severe adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0 | 4 months | Difference in the incidence of grade \>=3 toxicity, according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events \[CTCAE v4.0\] |
| Progression-Free Survival (PFS) | 12 months | A progression-free survival rate at 12 months will be calculated, with patients categorized in a dichotomous manner as alive and progression-free or in progression or dead at 12 months. |
| Eligibility to second-line chemotherapy | 12 months | The rate of patients eligible for second-line chemotherapy at 12 months will be calculated, with patients categorized in a dichotomous manner as alive and eligible or not eligible or dead at 12 months. |
| Total dose of chemotherapy administered | 4 months | To be calculated as the percentage of chemotherapy dose administered with respect to the treatment plan |
| Objective response rate | 4 months | Defined as a complete response or partial response that has been confirmed by a subsequent assessment no earlier than 2 months after the initial documentation. Response is assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. |
| Change in body weight | 12 months | Change in body weight during the study (at 4 and 12 months) |
| Change in muscle mass | 12 months | Change in muscle mass during the study (at 4 and 12 months) evaluated with computed tomography scan at the level of the third lumbar vertebra |
| Change in phase angle | 12 months | Change in phase angle during the study (at 4 and 12 months) evaluated with bioimpedance vectorial analysis |
| Patients requiring unplanned hospitalization | 12 months | The rate of patients requiring unplanned hospitalization (one or more) at 12 months will be calculated. |
| Change in self-perceived quality of life | 12 months | Change in self-perceived quality of life during the study (at 4 and 12 months) as assessed by the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire version 3.0 \[EORTC QLQ-C30\] |
| Incidence of infections | 12 months | The rate of incident infections in each group and the related difference will be calculated |
| Abnormal values in safety laboratory variables | 12 months | The number of participants with abnormal values in safety laboratory variables will be calculated and compared between groups |
| Change in handgrip strength | 12 months | Change in handgrip strength during the study (at 4 and 12 months) |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serum levels of immunologic profiles | 1 months | Levels of soluble effectors and immunoregulatory cells at 1 week and 1 month from the start of chemotherapy |
Countries
Italy
Outcome results
None listed