Cognitive Change, Mood
Conditions
Brief summary
Recently changes in mood and cognition have been reported following minor reductions in hydration status. The aim is to explore that such changes in part at least reflect placebo response; therefore the consumption of plain or coloured water will be compared in drinks designed to differ in their ability to rehydrate.
Detailed description
162 individuals will be subject to a temperature of 30°C for three hours, and mood and cognition monitored. Randomly on two occasions they will consume no drink or 300ml of plain or red colored water. In addition they will take a capsule containing sodium chloride or a placebo. Mood will be monitored using visual analogue scales and a battery of cognitive tests will be completed on three occasions: attention, episodic and working memory, reactions times. Urine osmolality will be measured at the beginning and end of the study and changes in body mass will be recorded. Changes in functioning will be related to the nature of the drink and changes in osmolality and body mass.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALSalt with / without water
Drinks with and without a salt containing capsule
Sponsors
Swansea University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Masking description
Salt / placebo will be consumed by capsule under a double-blind procedure
Intervention model description
The study has six arms. Salt alone; salt plus water; salt plus colored water; placebo alone; placebo plus water; placebo plus colored water
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18 to 30 years * Non-smokers * BMI \< 30 * By self-report in good health * Not taking medication for any psychological or other health disorder.
Exclusion criteria
* Do not meet inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mood rating: confident / unsure | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words confident / unsure and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
| Mood rating: confused / clearheaded | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words confused / clearheaded and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
| Mood rating: composed / anxious | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words composed / anxious and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
| Mood rating: depressed / elated | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words depressed / elated and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
| Mood rating: tired / energetic | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words tired / energetic and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
| Mood rating: agreeable / hostile | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A hundred millimetre lines will be anchored with the words agreeable/hostile and the subject will rate their mood by marking the line.. My measuring in millimetres a score between 0 and 100 will result with a higher score indicating a more positive mood. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serial Sevens; test of working memory | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | 28 numbers each of three digits will be presented and the subject indicates whether a subsequent number was exactly seven less. The measure reported is the response time in milli-seconds taken to respond |
| Attention: Arrow Flankers | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A series is presented that can be \>\>\>\>\> or \>\>\<\>\> and the subject has to indicated whether the middle symbol points to the right or left. The measure reported is the time taken to respond in milli-seconds |
| Reaction times | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | The time to press a button under an illuminated light was recorded in milli-seconds when there was 1, 2, 4, or 8 possible lamps that could be lit. 20 trials were performed with each of the four number of lights. |
| Episodic memory | Changes from baseline after 90 and 180 minutes | A list of 30 words will be presented after which the subject writes down as many as can be recalled. The resulting score will vary from 0-30. |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
Primary ContactDavid Benton, DSc
Backup ContactHayley A Young, PhD
Outcome results
None listed