Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Pain management during medical care is considered to be a basic human right and also affects patient satisfaction. In addition, effective management of acute pain contributes to improved patient outcomes. Patient satisfaction is a subjective state that indicates whether the healthcare provided has met the patient's needs and expectations. Many nurse theorists, including Florence Nightingale, have expressed the importance of providing comfort and relief for patients. In fact, comfort has been a crucial aspect of patient care since Nightingale's days, and has been considered an indispensable constituent of integrated nursing care. Studies to improve comfort may contribute to improving individuals' health outcomes, enforcing health-improvement behaviors, and improving healthcare quality as well as satisfaction and contentment of the individual and the nurse in the process of administering healthcare. In the literature, although the efficacy of various pharmacological methods for reducing pain associated with the insertion of PIC has been evaluated in adults, studies on nonpharmacological methods are limited. However, most of the studies were performed in healthy adults. Easy, inexpensive, and fast methods with unlikely side effects are needed to control pain and distress due to the PIC insertion in adults. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction methods.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDistraction
Distraction-1 Group: Cards containing approximately six optical illusion pictures were shown to the patients and as a method of distraction during the PIC insertion procedure they were asked what they saw in these cards. Distraction-2 Group: Underwater 3D audial videos were played with visual reality (VR) goggles during PIC insertion until the procedure was completed.
Sponsors
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi Gulhane Tip Fakultesi
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Masking description
The researcher, who did not know which patient was in which group, collected the data on the assessment of PIC procedure-associated pain and satisfaction levels immediately after PIC insertion using face-to-face interviews.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients who ranked 4 (less urgent) and 5 (non-urgent) based on Canadian Emergency Department Triage * Patients who had no visual, audial, or lingual disabilities, and no mental disorder.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who planned to have PIC insertion and were suitable for having a peripheral intravenous catheter insertion at their antecubital location using 20 Gauge (pink) cannula were eligible. * Patients who refused to participate in the study, * Patients who were not eligible for a 20 G peripheral intravenous catheter insertion, * Patients who could not be inserted a peripheral intravenous catheter at the first time
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Associated With The Peripheral Intravenous Catheterisation | 1-2 minute | Visual Analog Scale was used to evaluate pain caused by needle insertion. In the Visual Analog Scale of 10 cm length, 0 indicated no pain, and 10 indicated the severest pain. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed