Clinico-radiological Classification of Peritoneal Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis, Tuberculosis; Abdomen (Etiology), Tuberculosis, Peritoneal

Traditionally, peritoneal tuberculosis has been classified as wet-ascitic, dry-plastic type and fibrotic -fixed types. there is substantial overlap between these definitions and the clinical implication of the categorisation into the three patterns is unclear. The clinical presentation will be used to divide participants into 1) Abdominal distension dominant disease or 2) Pain Dominant and/or 3) Obstruction dominant peritoneal tuberculosis. The radiological findings between these groups will be compared if findings on radiology are discriminative of these three patterns of presentation.

The study will be conducted as two parts 1. Derivation group: Screening population: Patients with abdominal tuberculosis treated in the gastroenterology unit from Jan 2017-Dec 2018 This will involve a retrospective study where the patients who have been treated for peritoneal tuberculosis and have full records available (as hospital records or Gut-Tuberculosis clinic files) will be included and their clinical details and radiological findings (from CT films or images) will be entered and compared. The radiological findings between these groups will be compared if findings on radiology are discriminative of these three patterns of presentation. 2. Validation Study: This will include prospective study of patients who have underwent computed tomography for evaluation of abdominal complaints and are eventually diagnosed to have peritoneal tuberculosis. The radiological parameters derived from the derivation group will be tested to predict the clinical presentation. At the end of the study,the feasibility of a clinico-radiological classification of peritoneal tuberculosis. The clinical details will be recorded and will include demographic details, diagnostic work-up (confirmed/probable), follow-up and classification into one of the three patterns of presentation 1. Distension dominant: Presence of abdominal distention or discomfort, Lack of pain 2. Pain dominant: Patients having associated significant abdominal pain necessitating analgesics or interfering with routine activities 3. Obstruction dominant; Clear historical and/or radiological evidence of intestinal obstruction like abdominal pain associated with distension and obstipation Computed tomographic scans/images will be assessed by the two radiologists separately and resolved by consensus The radiologists will not have access to any clinical details The findings will be recorded on a proforma and will include determination of presence and extent of ascites, loculated ascites, peritoneal nodules or masses, omental involvement as nodules or masses, mesenteric adenopathy, masses, abdominal lymphadenopathy, presence of clumped loops, adhesions, abdominal cocoon etc The three groups will be compared for these radiological patterns and a possible correlation between any radiological findings and the clinical presentation will be derived. The classification derived from the derivation cohort will be tested in validation cohort which will be a prospective study. The clinical presentation will be recorded. The CT scans will be reviewed by two radiologists blinded to clinical details and the clinical presentation will be compared with categorisation based on the radiological findings.

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