Anesthesia, Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) has been shown to decrease the need of opioids including remifentanil during anaesthesia. However, it is not clear whether combination of two or more acupoints could induce stronger analgesia. Moreover, evidence for the long-term effect of TEAS has been limited. The present study was to compare the short-term and long-term effect on pain of dual-acupoint and single-acupoint TEAS.
Interventions
Sponsors
Air Force Military Medical University, China
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Interventions were performed by a designated investigator who was not involved in the anaesthesia or the follow-up. The stimulator was placed in an opaque box to blind the surgical team and the anesthesiologists to the group allocation.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* 18 to 65 yrs * body mass index (BMI) of 18 to 30 kg/m2 * elective radical mastectomy under general anaesthesia
Exclusion criteria
* contradictions to TEAS * difficulties in communication * histories of general anaesthesia * drug or alcohol abuse or addiction * cardiac dysfunction or severe hypertension * confirmed hepatic dysfunction and renal impairment * the participants recruited into other clinical trials during last three months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| consumption of remifentanil | from start of anesthesia to extubation, on average 2 hours |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| time to extubation | from end of remifentanil infusion to extubation,approximately 10 minutes on average | — |
| respiratory depression | end of the surgery to discharge from postanesthesia care unit,with an average of 30 minutes | — |
| nausea and vomiting | end of the surgery to discharge from postanesthesia care unit,with an average of 30 minutes | — |
| time to recall | from end of remifentanil infusion to patient response to verbal command,approximately 10 minutes on average | — |
| patients' satisfaction score | from end of surgery to 24 hours after surgery, totally 24 hours | patients' satisfaction score is assessed by a 0-10mm scale, 0 is no pain, 10 is untolerated pain |
| incidence of pain at 3m after surgery | from discharge from hospital to 3 months after surgery, approximately 3 months | percentage of patients suffering from pain around the incision |
| incidence of pain at 6m after surgery | from discharge from hospital to 6 months after surgery, approximately 3 months | percentage of patients suffering from pain around the incision |
| visual analogue scale of pain | end of the surgery to discharge from postanesthesia care unit,with an average of 30 minutes | pain intensity is assessed by a 0-10mm scale, 0 is no pain, 10 is untolerated pain |
Outcome results
None listed