Chronic Low Back Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Chronic Pain, Low Back Pain
Brief summary
This study will examine the effectiveness of one of two psychoeducation treatments on chronic low back pain.
Detailed description
This study will examine the effectiveness of one of two psychoeducation treatments on chronic low back pain. Participants will be randomized to one of these two treatments.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALInteractive - Psychoeducation
Individuals will receive interactive psychoeducation in the lab over the course of a week period. Each session will take approximately 30 minutes.
BEHAVIORALNon-interactive Psychoeducation
Individuals will receive non-interactive psychoeducation over the course of a week period. Each session will take approximately 30 minutes.
Sponsors
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Participant, statistician, and outcomes assessor are blinded.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* report having low back pain for more than three months and at least half the days in the past 6 months * be 18-65 years of age, * have scores higher than 37 on the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia,
Exclusion criteria
* medical conditions other than back pain that significantly impair movement (e.g., arthritis) * confirmed/suspected pregnancy * pending litigation related to an episode of low back pain * significant impairment in vision
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Present Pain Rating | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Pain Rating Index (PRI) is assessed by 15 questions assessing pain in the sensory and affective dimensions. Items rate from 0 (none) to 3 (severe) on degree to which the words apply to pain. Score Range: 0-45 |
| Pain Intensity as assessed by Numeric Rating Scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measures pain intensity measured via 0-10 numeric rating scale. 0 = No Pain - 10 = Worst Possible Pain Range of scores: 0-10 |
| Present Pain Intensity | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Present Pain Intensity (PPI) assesses present pain intensity on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 5 (excruciating) |
| Pain Chronicity assessed by the Graded Chronic Pain Scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Pain Chronicity is assessed by the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS). The GCPS is 7 questions with 3 sub-scales (Characteristic pain intensity, disability score, and disability points). Scoring: Characteristic Pain Intensity: is a 0 to 100 score derived from Questions 1 through 3: Mean (Pain Right Now, Worst Pain, Average Pain) X 10. Disability Score: is 0 to 100 score derived from Questions 4 through 6: Mean (Daily Activities, Social Activities, Work Activities) X 10 Disability Points: Add the indicated points for Disability Days (Question 7) and for Disability Score (0-6). Items rate from 0 to 10 with 0 referencing no pain/interference/change and 10 referencing pain as bad as could be/unable to carry out any activities/extreme change. |
| Daily Pain Monitoring: 10 point scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Daily pain monitoring defined as daily pain intensity and daily pain interference monitoring is two questions asked daily on a 10 point scale assessing daily pain and how much pain had interfered with day to day activities. Pain: Over the past 24 hours, how would you rate your back pain on average? (0=No Pain; 10=Worst Imaginable Pain) Interference: Over the past 24 hours, how much did pain interfere with your day-to-day activities? (0=No Interference; 10 = A great deal of interference) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Immersive Tendencies | Baseline only | Immersive Tendencies are assessed by the Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire (ITQ). This is an 18-item survey. Item responses use a 7 point Likert scale. Subscales include: focus, involvement, emotions, and play. Each subscale is scored by summing items. A total score is scored by summing all items. Range of total score: 18-126 Focus range of scores: 5-35 Involvement range of scores: 5-35 Emotions range of scores: 4-28 Play range of scores: 3-21 Higher scores indicate higher immersive tendencies overall and in each sub-scale. |
| Absorption Tendencies | Baseline Only | Tellegen Absorption Scale is a 34-item multi-dimensional measure that assesses imaginative involvement and the tendency to become mentally absorbed in everyday activities. Item responses are on a 5-point Likert scale. Items are summed to score. Range of scores: 0-136. Higher scores indicate greater levels of absorption. |
| Video Game History | Baseline Only | History of playing video games. |
| Patient Treatment Evaluation as assessed by the Modified Treatment Evaluation Inventory | Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Patient treatment evaluation is assessed by Treatment Evaluation Inventory. This is a 9 item scale with a 5-point Likert responses for each question. The items are scored by summing all items. Range of scores: 9-45. A higher score indicates greater acceptance of treatment. |
| Back Disability as assessed by the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) assesses disability due to low back pain. The RMDQ is a 24 item survey with yes/no response options. Score 0 -24 with ower scores indicate more impairment. |
| Daily intervention feedback questions | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The daily intervention feedback questions are 7 items that assess the individuals feelings and experiences during that daily intervention session. 0-10 Likert scale Each item is it's own scale. Higher scores indicate more enjoyment/usefulness/demand/awareness/concern/mood. |
| Patient Treatment Evaluation as assessed by the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use Questionnaire | Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use Questionnaire (USE, Lund, 2001) measures the subjective usability of a product or service. It is a 30-item survey that examines four dimensions of usability: usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction. This metric can be applied to various scenarios of usability assessment because it is non-proprietary and technology-agnostic. is a 30 item survey. Each item is presented on a 7-point Likert scale from strongly disagree = 1 to strongly agree. = 7 Each subscale is calculated by averaging all items in subscale. Usefulness: items 1-8 Ease of use: items 9-19 Ease of Learning: items 20-23 Satisfaction: items 24-30 Range of scores for each subscale: 1-7 Scoring Interpretation: Higher score indicates greater usefulness, satisfaction, and ease of use. |
| Patient Treatment Evaluation as assessed by the Patient Global Impression of Change Scale | Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Patient treatment evaluation is assessed by the Patient Global Impression of Change. This is a one item 7 point Likert item assessing improvement of the participants overall status. Item responses: 1 = very much improved, 2 = much improved, 3 = minimally improved, 4 = no change, 5 = minimally worse, 6 = much worse, and 7 = very much worse |
| Video Game Preferences as assessed by the BrainHex | Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Video game preferences will be assessed by the BrainHex. The BrainHex provides a tool for designing gameplay and understanding motivations for play. |
| Patient Treatment Evaluation as assessed by Semi-structured Qualitative interviewing | Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | Patient treatment evaluation is assessed by semi-structured interviewing. Qualitative feedback from participant experience will be assessed by thematic analyses. |
| Depressive symptoms as assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a 20 item survey tool. The items are a 4 pt Likert response items. Scores range from 0-60 with higher scores indicate greater levels of depressive symptoms. |
| Pain Catastrophizing as assessed by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a 13 item survey assessing catastrophizing in context to pain. There are 13 items with 5-pt Likert responses. There are several subscales. Scoring Procedure: The PCS total score is computed by summing responses to all 13 items (0-52). Subscales: Rumination: Sum of items 8, 9, 10, 11 (0-16). Magnification: Sum of items 6, 7, 13 (0-12). Helplessness: Sum of items 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12 (0-24). |
| Pain-related fear of movement as assessed by the Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK) is a 17 item assessment of fear of movement. This uses a 5-pt Likert scale from 1 = Strongly Disagree to 4 = Strongly Agree. Scoring Procedure: Sum items Range: 17-68 Subscale Harm/Somatic Items: 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, 15 Subscale Avoidance Items: 1, 2, 7, 10, 13, 14, 17 |
| Mood and Affect as assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale | Baseline - Final assessment (average 1 week post treatment) | The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) measures mood of participants. This is a 20 item survey with 5 pt Likert response indicating to what degree the participant feels those emotions. There is a positive and negative subscale. Higher positive affect score indicates greater positive emotions; higher negative affect score indicates greater negative emotions. Range of Scores: 0-40 |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed