Tricuspid Regurgitation
Conditions
Keywords
ABT-CIP-10249, Tricuspid, Cardiovascular, Pivotal
Brief summary
The primary objective of this trial is to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the TriClip device in improving clinical outcomes in symptomatic patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR), who are at intermediate or greater estimated risk for mortality or morbidity with tricuspid valve surgery. This randomized controlled trial will compare the investigational device (TriClip device) to Control (Medical Therapy).
Interventions
DEVICETriClipTM Device
Transcatheter TriClip placement in the tricuspid valve to repair the valve and correct regurgitation
Sponsors
Abbott Medical Devices
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* In the judgment of the site local heart team, subject has been adequately treated per applicable standards (including medical management) and stable for at least 30 days as follows: * Optimized medical therapy for treatment of TR (e.g. diuretics). * Medical and/or device therapy, for mitral regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease and heart failure. * The Eligibility Committee will confirm that the subject has been adequately treated medically. * Subject is symptomatic with Severe TR despite being optimally treated as described above. TR severity is determined by the assessment of a qualifying TTE and confirmed by the ECL. The ECL will also request a TEE to confirm TR etiology. Note: If any cardiac procedure(s) occur after eligibility was determined, TR severity will need to be re-assessed 30 days after the cardiac procedure(s). * The cardiac surgeon of the site local heart team concur that the patient is at intermediate or greater estimated risk for mortality or morbidity with tricuspid valve surgery. * New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class II, III or ambulatory class IV * In the judgment of the TriClip(TM) implanting Investigator, femoral vein access is determined to be feasible and can accommodate a 25 Fr catheter. * Age ≥18 years at time of consent. * Subject must provide written informed consent prior to any trial related procedure.
Exclusion criteria
* Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) \> 70 mmHg or fixed pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC) * Severe uncontrolled hypertension Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) ≥ 180 mmHg and/or Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) ≥ 110 mm Hg * Any prior tricuspid valve procedure that would interfere with placement of the TriClip(TM) device * Indication for left-sided (e.g. severe aortic stenosis, severe mitral regurgitation) or pulmonary valve correction prior 60 days. Note: Patients with concomitant Mitral and tricuspid valve disease will have the option of getting their MR treated, and wait 60 days prior to being reassessed for the trial. * Pacemaker or ICD leads that would prevent appropriate placement of the TriClip(TM) clip. * Tricuspid valve stenosis - Defined as a tricuspid valve orifice of ≤ 1.0 cm2 and/or mean gradient ≥5 mmHg as measured by the ECL * Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) ≤20% * Tricuspid valve leaflet anatomy which may preclude clip implantation, proper clip positioning on the leaflets or sufficient reduction in TR. This may include: * Evidence of calcification in the grasping area * Presence of a severe coaptation defect (\> 2cm) of the tricuspid leaflets * Severe leaflet defect(s) preventing proper device placement * Ebstein Anomaly - Identified by having a normal annulus position while the valve leaflets are attached to the walls and septum of the right ventricle. * Tricuspid valve anatomy not evaluable by TTE and TEE * Active endocarditis or active rheumatic heart disease or leaflets degenerated from rheumatic disease (i.e. noncompliant, perforated). * MI or known unstable angina within prior 30 days * Percutaneous coronary intervention within prior 30 days * Hemodynamic instability defined as systolic pressure \< 90 mmHg with or without afterload reduction, cardiogenic shock or the need for inotropic support or intra-aortic balloon pump or other hemodynamic support device. * Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) within prior 90 days * Chronic dialysis * Bleeding disorders or hypercoagulable state * Active peptic ulcer or active gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding * Contraindication, allergy or hypersensitivity to dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. * Note: Contraindication to either antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy (individually not both therapies) is not an exclusion criterion. * Ongoing infection requiring current antibiotic therapy (if temporary illness, patients may enroll 30 days after discontinuation of antibiotics with no active infection). * Known allergy or hypersensitivity to device materials * Evidence of intracardiac, inferior vena cava (IVC), or femoral venous mass, thrombus or vegetation. * Life expectancy of less than 12 months * Subject is currently participating in another clinical trial that has not yet completed its primary endpoint. * Subject is currently participating in another clinical investigation for valvular heart disease(s). * Pregnant or nursing subjects and those who plan pregnancy during the clinical investigation follow-up period. Female subjects of child-bearing potential are required to have a negative pregnancy test done within 7 days of the baseline visit per site standard test. Female patients of childbearing potential should be instructed to use safe contraception (e.g., intrauterine devices, hormonal contraceptives: contraceptive pills, implants, transdermal patches hormonal vaginal devices, injections with prolonged release.) It is accepted, in certain cases, to include subjects having a sterilized regular partner or subjects using a double barrier contraceptive method. * Presence of other anatomic or comorbid conditions, or other medical, social, or psychological conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, could limit the subject's ability to participate in the clinical investigation or to comply with follow-up requirements, or impact the scientific soundness of the clinical investigation results.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| For Randomized Cohort: Hierarchical Composite of All-cause Death or Tricuspid Valve Surgery, Heart Failure Hospitalizations, and KCCQ Improvement | 12 Months | Analysis of hierarchical composite of all-cause death or tricuspid valve surgery, heart failure hospitalizations, and KCCQ improvement of at least 15 points was performed in ITT population using Finkelstein-Schoenfeld method. A win ratio was also calculated to descriptively quantify the magnitude of treatment benefits. The win ratio is calculated as the ratio of the number of wins in Device versus Control patients. The primary analysis population consisted of 175 Device patients and 175 Control patients, resulting in 30,625 Device-Control patient pairs (i.e., 175 × 175). |
| For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Survival Through 12 Months With a Quality of Life Improvement (Assessed Using KCCQ Overall Score) of at Least 10 Points Compared to Baseline. | 12 months | This outcome will be assessed as the percentage of subjects meeting the definition of the endpoint. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | 30 Days | The percentage of subjects with tricuspid regurgitation reduced to moderate or less at 30-day visit in the Device Group will be compared with that in the Control Group. Tricuspid regurgitation severity will be graded on a 5-point scale: trace/mild, moderate, severe (severe 3), massive (severe 4), and torrential (severe 5), which has frequently been used in recent interventional tricuspid studies to categorize tricuspid regurgitation severity. This grading system follows the 2017 ASE guidelines (Zoghbi WA, Adams D, Bonow RO et al. Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2017;30:303-371.), and further stratifies the traditional severe category into severe (Severe 3), massive (Severe 4), and torrential (Severe 5). |
| For Randomized Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months | 12 Months | The primary analysis for this endpoint imputed a 6MWT distance of 0 meters for all subjects who experienced a heart failure related cardiovascular death or received tricuspid valve surgery prior to completing 12-month follow-up. Subjects who were unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons were also assigned a 6MWT distance of 0 meters at 12-month follow-up. Other subjects with missing 6MWT distance at either baseline or 12-month follow-up were excluded from the analysis. |
| For Single-Arm Cohort: The Percentage of Subjects With TR Reduction by at Least 1 Grade at 30-Day Follow-up | 30 days | — |
| For Randomized Cohort - Device Group Only: Rate of Kaplan-Meier Estimate (SE) of Freedom From Major Adverse Events (MAE) Occurring Within 30 Days Post-procedure | 30 Days | Freedom from major adverse events (MAE) was assessed in the Attempted Procedure population (n=172). MAEs included cardiovascular mortality, new onset renal failure, endocarditis requiring surgery, and non-elective cardiovascular surgery for TriClip device-related AE post-index procedure. |
| For Single-Arm Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months | 12 months | This analysis imputed a 6MWT distance of 0 meters for all subjects who were unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons. However, there were no subjects unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons and therefore no imputation was performed. Subjects with missing 6MWT distance at either baseline or 12-month follow-up were excluded from the analysis. |
| Recurrent HF Hospitalizations at 24 Months | 24 months | H0: HR(24M)\>1; H1: HR(24M)≤1 |
| Freedom From All-cause Mortality, Tricuspid Valve Surgery, and Tricuspid Valve Intervention at 24 Months | 24 months | H0: Survival curves of the two groups through 24 months are the same. H1: Survival curves of the two groups through 24 months are different. |
| For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Freedom From MAE Through 30 Days | 30 days | Freedom from MAE occurring after procedure attempt (femoral vein puncture) at 30 days. Components of MAE consist of Cardiovascular Mortality, New Onset Renal Failure, Endocarditis Requiring Surgery, and Non-Elective Cardiovascular Surgery for TriClip device-related AE post-index procedure. |
| For Randomized Cohort: Change in Quality of Life as Assessed by KCCQ Score | 12 months minus baseline | The mean change in KCCQ score between 12 months and baseline in the Device and Control groups will be compared, while adjusting for the baseline KCCQ score. The primary analysis for this endpoint imputed a KCCQ score of 0 at 12-month visit for all subjects who experienced a heart failure related cardiovascular death or received tricuspid valve surgery prior to completing 12-month follow-up. All KCCQ scores are scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best possible status), where the higher score reflects a better health status. |
Countries
Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
The last 12-month follow-up visit for the 350 randomized subjects (primary analysis cohort) occurred on November 18, 2022. The last 12-month follow-up visit for the 100 Single-arm subjects (primary analysis cohort) occurred on November 1, 2022. Follow-up through 5years is ongoing for all cohorts.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group Subjects will undergo TriClipTM implantation and will continue to be managed on medical therapy, per physician discretion | 175 |
| Randomized - Control Group Subjects will continue to be managed on medical therapy, per physician discretion | 175 |
| Single Arm Group Subjects will receive the TriClip TM device and will continue to be managed on medical therapy, per physician discretion. | 100 |
| Total | 450 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 | FG002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | 1Y visit completed after 365 days | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Overall Study | Death | 15 | 13 | 15 |
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 7 | 12 | 1 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Randomized - Device Group | Randomized - Control Group | Single Arm Group | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 78.0 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.4 | 77.8 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.2 | 80.4 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 6.2 | 78.5 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.12 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 5 Participants | 9 Participants | 4 Participants | 18 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 163 Participants | 153 Participants | 94 Participants | 410 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 7 Participants | 13 Participants | 2 Participants | 22 Participants |
| Prior Aortic or Mitral Valve Intervention | 68 Participants | 61 Participants | 44 Participants | 173 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 7 Participants | 7 Participants | 3 Participants | 17 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 7 Participants | 10 Participants | 7 Participants | 24 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 11 Participants | 15 Participants | 3 Participants | 29 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 149 Participants | 143 Participants | 87 Participants | 379 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 98 Participants | 94 Participants | 53 Participants | 245 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 77 Participants | 81 Participants | 47 Participants | 205 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk | EG002 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 15 / 175 | 13 / 175 | 15 / 100 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 29 / 175 | 28 / 175 | 33 / 100 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 85 / 175 | 73 / 175 | 62 / 100 |
Outcome results
Primary
For Randomized Cohort: Hierarchical Composite of All-cause Death or Tricuspid Valve Surgery, Heart Failure Hospitalizations, and KCCQ Improvement
Analysis of hierarchical composite of all-cause death or tricuspid valve surgery, heart failure hospitalizations, and KCCQ improvement of at least 15 points was performed in ITT population using Finkelstein-Schoenfeld method. A win ratio was also calculated to descriptively quantify the magnitude of treatment benefits. The win ratio is calculated as the ratio of the number of wins in Device versus Control patients. The primary analysis population consisted of 175 Device patients and 175 Control patients, resulting in 30,625 Device-Control patient pairs (i.e., 175 × 175).
Time frame: 12 Months
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Hierarchical Composite of All-cause Death or Tricuspid Valve Surgery, Heart Failure Hospitalizations, and KCCQ Improvement | 11,246 wins in the patient pairs |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Hierarchical Composite of All-cause Death or Tricuspid Valve Surgery, Heart Failure Hospitalizations, and KCCQ Improvement | 7,791 wins in the patient pairs |
p-value: 0.0311Finkelstein-Schoenfeld Method
Primary
For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Survival Through 12 Months With a Quality of Life Improvement (Assessed Using KCCQ Overall Score) of at Least 10 Points Compared to Baseline.
This outcome will be assessed as the percentage of subjects meeting the definition of the endpoint.
Time frame: 12 months
Population: Nine (9) subjects were not included in the primary endpoint analysis due to:~* KCCQ not available at 12-month visit (n=6)~ * Subject missed 12-month visit (n=3)~ * Subject declined to complete KCCQ (n=2)~ * Subject did not complete a 12-month visit due to COVID-19 (n=1)~* Subject experienced hospitalization or death related to COVID-19 prior to 12-month follow-up visit (n=2)~* Subject withdrew prior to 12-month visit (n=1)
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Survival Through 12 Months With a Quality of Life Improvement (Assessed Using KCCQ Overall Score) of at Least 10 Points Compared to Baseline. | 46.2 percentage of participants |
p-value: 0.0008exact test
Secondary
For Randomized Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months
The primary analysis for this endpoint imputed a 6MWT distance of 0 meters for all subjects who experienced a heart failure related cardiovascular death or received tricuspid valve surgery prior to completing 12-month follow-up. Subjects who were unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons were also assigned a 6MWT distance of 0 meters at 12-month follow-up. Other subjects with missing 6MWT distance at either baseline or 12-month follow-up were excluded from the analysis.
Time frame: 12 Months
Population: Eighty-three (24%) of the 350 subjects (44 Device, 39 Control) were not included in this endpoint due to missing paired 6MWT values at baseline and 12 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months | -5.1 meters | Standard Deviation 131.4 |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months | -28.1 meters | Standard Deviation 122.3 |
p-value: 0.2482ANCOVA model
Secondary
For Randomized Cohort: Change in Quality of Life as Assessed by KCCQ Score
The mean change in KCCQ score between 12 months and baseline in the Device and Control groups will be compared, while adjusting for the baseline KCCQ score. The primary analysis for this endpoint imputed a KCCQ score of 0 at 12-month visit for all subjects who experienced a heart failure related cardiovascular death or received tricuspid valve surgery prior to completing 12-month follow-up. All KCCQ scores are scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best possible status), where the higher score reflects a better health status.
Time frame: 12 months minus baseline
Population: Forty (11%) of the 350 subjects (20 Device, 20 Control) were not included in this endpoint due to missing paired KCCQ values at baseline and 12 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Change in Quality of Life as Assessed by KCCQ Score | 12.0 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 25.8 |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Change in Quality of Life as Assessed by KCCQ Score | 1.0 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 21 |
p-value: <0.0001ANCOVA model
Secondary
For Randomized Cohort - Device Group Only: Rate of Kaplan-Meier Estimate (SE) of Freedom From Major Adverse Events (MAE) Occurring Within 30 Days Post-procedure
Freedom from major adverse events (MAE) was assessed in the Attempted Procedure population (n=172). MAEs included cardiovascular mortality, new onset renal failure, endocarditis requiring surgery, and non-elective cardiovascular surgery for TriClip device-related AE post-index procedure.
Time frame: 30 Days
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort - Device Group Only: Rate of Kaplan-Meier Estimate (SE) of Freedom From Major Adverse Events (MAE) Occurring Within 30 Days Post-procedure | 98.3 percentage of participants |
p-value: <0.0001Z test
Secondary
For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit
The percentage of subjects with tricuspid regurgitation reduced to moderate or less at 30-day visit in the Device Group will be compared with that in the Control Group. Tricuspid regurgitation severity will be graded on a 5-point scale: trace/mild, moderate, severe (severe 3), massive (severe 4), and torrential (severe 5), which has frequently been used in recent interventional tricuspid studies to categorize tricuspid regurgitation severity. This grading system follows the 2017 ASE guidelines (Zoghbi WA, Adams D, Bonow RO et al. Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Developed in Collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2017;30:303-371.), and further stratifies the traditional severe category into severe (Severe 3), massive (Severe 4), and torrential (Severe 5).
Time frame: 30 Days
Population: Forty-one (41, or 12%) of the 350 subjects (13 Device, 28 Control) were not included in the analysis of this endpoint due to TR not available at 30 days.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Trace | 10.5 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Mild | 39.5 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Moderate | 37.0 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 3 | 11.1 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 4 | 0.6 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Device Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 5 | 1.2 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 4 | 21.8 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Trace | 0.7 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 3 | 22.4 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Mild | 0.7 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Severe 5 | 50.3 percentage of participants |
| Randomized - Control Group | For Randomized Cohort: Tricuspid Regurgitation Reduction to Moderate or Less at 30-Day Visit | Moderate | 4.1 percentage of participants |
p-value: <0.0001Chi-square test
Secondary
For Single-Arm Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months
This analysis imputed a 6MWT distance of 0 meters for all subjects who were unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons. However, there were no subjects unable to exercise due to cardiac reasons and therefore no imputation was performed. Subjects with missing 6MWT distance at either baseline or 12-month follow-up were excluded from the analysis.
Time frame: 12 months
Population: Twenty-nine (29%) subjects were not included in the primary analysis due to missing 6MWT values at baseline and/or 12 months.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Single-Arm Cohort: Change in 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) From Baseline to 12 Months | 13.7 meter | Standard Deviation 92.7 |
p-value: 0.109normal approximation
Secondary
For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Freedom From MAE Through 30 Days
Freedom from MAE occurring after procedure attempt (femoral vein puncture) at 30 days. Components of MAE consist of Cardiovascular Mortality, New Onset Renal Failure, Endocarditis Requiring Surgery, and Non-Elective Cardiovascular Surgery for TriClip device-related AE post-index procedure.
Time frame: 30 days
Population: One subject (Subject 1300) withdrew from the study prior to 30 days without experiencing any MAE and was therefore excluded from the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Single-Arm Cohort: Rate of Freedom From MAE Through 30 Days | 100.0 percentage of participants |
p-value: <0.0001Binomial exact method
Secondary
For Single-Arm Cohort: The Percentage of Subjects With TR Reduction by at Least 1 Grade at 30-Day Follow-up
Time frame: 30 days
Population: Twelve subjects were not included in the analysis of this endpoint due to missing paired TR severity at baseline and 30 days.
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Randomized - Device Group | For Single-Arm Cohort: The Percentage of Subjects With TR Reduction by at Least 1 Grade at 30-Day Follow-up | 98.9 percentage of participants |
p-value: <0.0001Exact test
Secondary
Freedom From All-cause Mortality, Tricuspid Valve Surgery, and Tricuspid Valve Intervention at 24 Months
H0: Survival curves of the two groups through 24 months are the same. H1: Survival curves of the two groups through 24 months are different.
Time frame: 24 months
Secondary
Recurrent HF Hospitalizations at 24 Months
H0: HR(24M)\>1; H1: HR(24M)≤1
Time frame: 24 months