Abdominal Obesity, Adiposity, Blood Pressure, Insulin Sensitivity, Prehypertension, Self Efficacy
Conditions
Keywords
adolescence, exercise, body composition, insulin sensitivity, obesity, academic self-efficacy
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on body composition, blood pressure, insulin resistance, and academic self-efficacy in prehypertensive adolescent obese girls. Forty-eight prehypertensive adolescent obese girls participated in this study. The girls were randomly divided into the jump rope exercise intervention group (EX, n=24) and control group (CON, n=24). The EX group performed a jump rope training program at 40-70% of their heart rate reserve (HRR) 5 days/week for 12 weeks (sessions 50 minutes in duration). The CON group did not participate in any structure or unstructured exercise protocol. Blood pressure, body fat percentage, waist circumference, blood glucose and insulin, homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance, and Academic Self-Efficacy were measured before and after the 12-weeks study.
Interventions
OTHER12-week jump rope exercise program
Each jump rope exercise session of the program was performed for 50 minute, with a 5 minute warm-up and cool-down. Sessions were performed once a day, 5 days a week, for 12 weeks. The program consisted of various main jump rope exercises (1 line 2 jump, jumping feet together, running jumping, open side jump, open back and forth jump, rock paper scissor jump). The warm-up and cool-down consisted of static stretching, walking, and jogging. Intensity of exercise was gradually increased form 40-50% heart rate reserve (HRR) in weeks 1-4 and 60-70% HRR in weeks 9-12. Each training session was supervised by the researchers. Ever subject wore a heart rate monitor during the whole training session in order to maintain the designated training intensity.
Sponsors
Chonnam National University
University of Nebraska
Pusan National University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
exercise intervention group, control group
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
14 Years to 16 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* prehypertensive * sedentary (no regular exercise training or physical activity within the last year) * no weight loss diet during the last six months * obese
Exclusion criteria
* pregnancy * chronic disease * daily medication use
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Body Fat | 12 weeks | Body fat percentage was measured to the nearest 0.1%. |
| Blood Pressure | 12 weeks | Blood pressure was measured in duplicate using an automated sphygmomanometer. The average of the was recorded as the resting blood pressure. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded. |
| Body Mass | 12 weeks | Body mass was measured to nearest 0.1kg. |
| Height | 12 weeks | Height was measured to the nearest 1 cm. |
| Waist Circumference | 12 weeks | Waist circumference as measured at midpoint between the lower rib and the iliac crest at the end of a normal expiration using a tap measure. |
| Lean Body Mass | 12 weeks | Lean body mass (kg) was determined using a bioelectrical impedance-meter. |
| Glucose | 12 weeks | Blood glucose concentrations were assessed with a glucose reagent kit. |
| Insulin | 12 weeks | Serum insulin was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. |
| Homeostatic Model Assessment - Insulin Resistance | 12 weeks | Homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance was calculated from the fasting plasma blood glucose and insulin levels according to previously established models. |
Outcome results
None listed