Prenatal Disorder, Sex Development Disorder, Urogenital Abnormalities
Conditions
Keywords
anogenital distance, prenatal, sex determination, androgen
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to determine a threshold value of fetal anogenital distance in 2D ultrasound to differentiate male fetuses from female fetuses, starting 18 weeks of gestation and until the due date. The study also evaluates the feasibility of the measure and its interobserver variability.
Detailed description
The anogenital distance of female newborns is shorter than that of male newborns. Urogenital disorders, such as hypospadias and micro-penis, are associated with a shorter anogenital distance. Anogenital distance is a good marker of fetal exposure to androgenic substances. Prenatal anogenital distance ultrasound measure can help the diagnosis in case of doubt about fetal sexual phenotype or in case of urogenital disorder suspicion (hypospadias or micropenis). Is the anogenital distance easy to make measure? Can this procedure be reproduced? What are the threshold values to determine fetal sex at each term of pregnancy?
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
University Hospital, Brest
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* pregnant woman * sonographic fetal follow up in Brest Hospital * term\>18 weeks of gestation
Exclusion criteria
* No datation between 11 weeks of gestation and 13 weeks of gestation and 6 days by crown-rump length measurement * Minor * no consent * ultrasound performed by an operator without ultrasonography graduation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| fetal anogenital distance | During fetal ultrasound exam | The distance will be measured from the center of the anus to the posterior convergence of the fourchette in female fetuses and to the posterior base of the scrotum in male fetuses |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Interobserver variability | During fetal ultrasound exam | reproducibility of the anogenital measure: the measure will be taken by two sonographers during the same exam |
| Ano-genital distance in mm | During fetal ultrasound exam | the measure is correctly performed and validated by an expert |
| Estimated fetal weight | During fetal ultrasound exam | Impact of estimated fetal weight and anogenital distance |
| neonatal sex determination | During fetal ultrasound exam | concordance of anogenital distance and neonatal sex determination |
Countries
France
Outcome results
None listed