Prostate Cancer
Conditions
Brief summary
Firefighters, police, military personnel and pilots are all shown to have a higher incidence of prostate cancer than the general population. A possible explanation for this is that these four groups of employees need regular mandatory health-checkups. If these checkups increase the chances of having a PSA or DRE performed one could expect the workers in question to have a higher probability than the general population of being diagnosed with prostate cancer. If this is the case the four groups should have cancers that are lower grade and have better survival. The investigators wish to examine this by comparing the four groups with a control group made up of all other workers with regards to prognostic factors at the time of diagnosis and survival rates. This will be done by extracting data from the Cancer Registry of Norway, coupled with employment data from Statistics Norway. This study is also a part of a project on cancer in firefighters. If the prostate cancers in firefighters differ significantly from the other three specified groups, this could point to an exposure specific for firefighters, e.g. fire smoke, as an etiologic factor.
Interventions
None, observational study
Sponsors
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Extrastiftelsen
The National Institute of Occupational Health
Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
Fagforbundet
Gjensidige Foundation
Norwegian Cancer Society
Norwegian Firefighters Fight Cancer
Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority
Oslo University Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_ONLY
Time perspective
OTHER
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* All cases of prostate cancer as registered by the Cancer Registry of Norway
Exclusion criteria
* None
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Cause-specific mortality rate for prostate cancer | From January 1st 1960 until December 31st 2018 |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| TNM staging | January 1st 1960 until December 31st 2018 | — |
| Gleason score | January 1st 1960 until December 31st 2018 | Score based on microscopic appearance of prostate cancer tissue. Sum of two scores, each ranging from 1-5 (only whole numbers), meaning the final score ranges from 2-10. A higher score is associated with a more aggressive/less differentiated tumor. It is normal to group scores 2-6 together in \>7. It is also normal to differentiate between 7 (4+3) (worse), and 7 (3+4) (better). |
| PSA at time of diagnosis | January 1st 1960 until December 31st 2018 | — |
| Functional status at time of diagnosis (WHO classification) | January 1st 1960 until December 31st 2018 | — |
Countries
Norway
Outcome results
None listed