Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Conditions
Keywords
Hypertension, Treprostinil, Pulmonary Hypertension, Lung Diseases
Brief summary
This is an observational, multicenter, single-day, Phase 2 study. This study will include a 14-day Screening Period and Study Day 1 clinic visit. Participants will be required to perform an activity to induce symptoms of PAH, and participants' severity of self-reported symptoms of PAH will be measured from pre-activity, immediately after the activity, and through the 30-minute recovery. Participants will be asked about their PAH symptoms using 3 PGI-S questions that address their overall PAH symptoms, shortness of breath, and physical fatigue.
Detailed description
This is an observational, multicenter, single-day, Phase 2 study. This study will include a 14-day Screening Period and Study Day 1 clinic visit. Participants will be required to perform an activity to induce symptoms of PAH, and participants' severity of self-reported symptoms of PAH will be measured from pre-activity, immediately after the activity, and through the 30-minute recovery. Participants will be asked about their PAH symptoms using 3 Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) questions that address their overall PAH symptoms, shortness of breath, and physical fatigue. PAH symptoms will be induced via the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The ISWT used in this study required the participant to walk back and forth on a 10-meter course. The total number of shuttles completed by a participant during the Screening ISWT will be the maximum targeted for that participant during the remaining ISWTs in the study. After Screening, participants will be assigned to 1 of 2 cohorts based on PAH medications as prescribed by their physician: Cohort A will include participants who are currently prescribed and using inhaled treprostinil for the treatment of PAH and Cohort B will include participants who are taking other PAH medications (instead of inhaled treprostinil). The study also includes 2 periods. One period for participants in Cohort A (Treprostinil Users), included an ISWT initiated within 30 minutes of the previous dose (expected peak level) and the other period included an ISWT within 3 to 4 hours of the previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level). Participants in Cohort B (Non-Treprostinil Users), an ISWT will be initiated approximately 4 hours after the morning dose of PAH medication (Period 1) and an ISWT initiated at least 1 hour following completion of the previous ISWT (Period 2). Participants will be provided at least a 1-hour period for rest between ISWTs (until participant feels they are rested enough to perform again at their baseline level) prior to Period 2 assessments.
Interventions
DRUGTreprostinil
Treprostinil treatment will be at the discretion of the participant's physician, and determined on an individual basis.
DRUGNon-Treprostinil PAH Medications
Non-treprostinil treatment will be at the discretion of the participant's physician, and determined on an individual basis.
Sponsors
Lung Biotechnology PBC
United Therapeutics
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Inclusion criteria
1. Participant voluntarily gives informed consent to participate in the study. 2. Males and females aged 18 years and above at the time of informed consent. 3. Established primary diagnosis of PAH that is either idiopathic or familial PAH (WHO Group 1), collagen vascular disease associated PAH, PAH associated with HIV infection, PAH induced by anorexigens/toxins, or PAH associated with repaired congenital systemic-to-pulmonary shunts (repaired ≥1 years). 4. Participant is deemed WHO Functional Class 1, 2, or 3. 5. Participant has shortness of breath upon exertion (exhibits a ≥1-point change in Borg dyspnea score) as assessed by the ISWT and a minimum completion of 3 shuttles (30 meters) of the ISWT. Participant may have other symptoms as well. 6. Participant is on stable dose of all FDA-approved PAH treatments (exceptions are anticoagulants and diuretics) for at least 60 days prior to Screening. 7. In the opinion of the Investigator, the participant can communicate effectively with study personnel, and is considered reliable, willing, and likely to be cooperative with protocol requirements.
Exclusion criteria
1. The participant is known to be pregnant or nursing. 2. The participant has PAH related to any condition not covered under inclusion criteria, including, but not limited to, pulmonary venous hypertension, pulmonary venoocclusive disease, pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, or other conditions under WHO Group 2, 3, 4, and 5 classifications. 3. The participant has evidence of clinically significant left-sided heart disease (including, but not limited to, left ventricular ejection fraction \<40%, left ventricular hypertrophy) or clinically significant cardiologic conditions, such as congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, or valvular heart disease. 4. The participant has any form of congenital heart disease (repaired or unrepaired; other than a patent foramen ovale). 5. The participant has any ambulatory or orthopedic limitations that would interfere with the ability to perform the activity. 6. The participant has been hospitalized within 30 days of Screening. 7. Current use of prostacyclin analogs/agonists, except inhaled treprostinil, for the treatment of PAH. 8. Use of any other investigational drug/device, or participation in any investigational study with therapeutic intent within 30 days of Screening (concurrent participation in registry studies is allowed). 9. Any other clinically significant illness that, in the opinion of the Investigator, might put the participant at risk of harm during the study or might adversely affect the interpretation of the study data.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | Baseline, Approximately 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (the expected peak level) on Day 1 | A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) shortness of breath (SOB), and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Peak levels are the highest concentrations of a drug in plasma. |
| Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | Baseline, Approximately 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (the expected trough level) on Day 1 | A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Trough levels are the lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma. |
| Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | Baseline, Approximately 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. |
| Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | Baseline, At least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1 | The modified Borg scale allows participants to rate maximum level of dyspnea experienced during 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Scores ranged from 0 (best condition) to 10 (worst condition). Baseline defined as average from Borg Dyspnea Scores measured at 15 and 0 m prior to ISWT. If a single pre-ISWT Borg Dyspnea Score was missing, the other nonmissing single score was used as baseline value. Change from Baseline=Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A with an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Data for participants in Cohort B with an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma. |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1 | Heart rate was captured as beats per minute (bpm). Baseline was defined as the average from pulse oximetry measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). In the case of a single, missing pre-ISWT pulse oximetry, the other non-missing single measurement would be used as baseline value. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A who had an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Additionally, data for participants in Cohort B who included an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are the highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma. |
| Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1 | Pulse Oximetry includes the collection of saturation peripheral capillary oxygenation (SpO\_2). Baseline was defined as the average from pulse oximetry measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing pre-ISWT pulse oximetry, the other non-missing single measurement would be used as baseline value. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A who had an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Additionally, data for participants in Cohort B who included an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are the highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
The study included a 14-day Screening Period and Day 1 clinic visit. Participants performed a Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) to induce symptoms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). The ISWT required participants to walk back and forth on a 10-meter course. Total number of shuttles completed by a participant during the Screening ISWT was the maximum targeted for the participant for remaining study ISWTs. Study also included 2 periods/cohort. There was ≥1-h rest period between ISWTs.
Pre-assignment details
The 2 periods for Cohort A: an ISWT initiated at 30 minutes (m) of previous dose (the expected peak level period) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 hours (h) of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (the expected trough level period). The 2 periods for Cohort B: an ISWT initiated at \ 4h after morning dose of PAH medication (Period 1) and an ISWT initiated at ≥1h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2). Peak and trough levels are the highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil Participants who were currently prescribed and using inhaled treprostinil for the treatment of PAH. | 20 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications Participants who were taking other PAH medications (instead of inhaled treprostinil). | 23 |
| Total | 43 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Total | Cohort A: Treprostinil |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 55.9 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.14 | 58.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.48 | 61.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 8.69 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 2 Participants | 3 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 21 Participants | 40 Participants | 19 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 5 Participants | 10 Participants | 5 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 18 Participants | 32 Participants | 14 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 17 Participants | 33 Participants | 16 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 6 Participants | 10 Participants | 4 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 20 | 0 / 23 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 20 | 9 / 23 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 20 | 0 / 23 |
Outcome results
Primary
Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1
A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) shortness of breath (SOB), and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Peak levels are the highest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Time frame: Baseline, Approximately 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (the expected peak level) on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Data for participants in Cohort A who included an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | PAH, Baseline | 1.25 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.47 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | PAH, Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | 1.65 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | SOB, Baseline | 1.15 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.33 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | SOB, Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | 1.90 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.8 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Baseline | 1.30 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.55 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGI-S) Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 30 Minutes of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Peak Level) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | 1.40 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.95 |
Primary
Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1
A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Trough levels are the lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Time frame: Baseline, Approximately 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (the expected trough level) on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Data for participants in Cohort A who included an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | PAH, Baseline | 1.10 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.31 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | SOB, Baseline | 1.10 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.31 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | 1.50 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.15 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | PAH, Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | 1.75 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.79 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | SOB, Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | 1.85 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.93 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort A Participants at Approximately 3-4 Hours of Previous Dose of Inhaled Treprostinil (the Expected Trough Level) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Baseline | 1.25 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.44 |
Primary
Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1
A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value.
Time frame: Baseline, Approximately 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Data for participants in Cohort B who included an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | PAH, Baseline | 1.22 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.39 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | PAH, Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | 1.74 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.9 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Baseline | 1.17 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.36 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | 1.61 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.07 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | SOB, Baseline | 1.17 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.36 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Score in Cohort B Participants at Approximately 4 Hours After Morning Dose of Non-Treprostinil PAH Medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | SOB, Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | 1.78 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.78 |
Primary
Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1
A global index that consists of 3 questions to which participants will rate the severity of 1) their PAH symptoms, 2) SOB, and 3) fatigue. The minimum and maximum range of scores for each of the 3 individual questions was 1-5, with severity scale choices of 1=Not present, 2=Mild, 3=Moderate, 4=Severe, and 5=Very Severe. A higher score indicated worse outcome. The Baseline is defined as the average respective severity rating measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing severity rating measured pre-ISWT, the other non-missing single severity rating would be used as baseline value. Only participants with both a measurement at baseline and at the given post-baseline visit are summarized. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value.
Time frame: Baseline, At least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Data for participants in Cohort B with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) are presented.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | PAH, Baseline | 1.13 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.34 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | PAH, Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | 1.87 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.97 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Baseline | 1.13 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.34 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | Fatigue, Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | 1.91 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.04 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | SOB, Baseline | 1.04 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.21 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in PGI-S Scores in Cohort B Participants With an ISWT at Least 1 h Following Completion of Previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | SOB, Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | 2.13 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
Secondary
Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1
The modified Borg scale allows participants to rate maximum level of dyspnea experienced during 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Scores ranged from 0 (best condition) to 10 (worst condition). Baseline defined as average from Borg Dyspnea Scores measured at 15 and 0 m prior to ISWT. If a single pre-ISWT Borg Dyspnea Score was missing, the other nonmissing single score was used as baseline value. Change from Baseline=Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A with an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Data for participants in Cohort B with an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Time frame: Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Here, 'Number Analyzed' signifies participants evaluable at the specified timepoint.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | 3.00 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.78 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Expected peak level, Baseline | 0.28 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.54 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Expected trough level, Baseline | 0.23 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.62 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | 3.13 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 2.16 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Period 1, Baseline | 0.24 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.5 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | 2.85 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.81 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Period 2, Baseline | 0.23 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.64 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Modified Borg Dyspnea Scores at Day 1 | Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | 3.03 scores on a scale | Standard Deviation 1.9 |
Other Pre-specified
Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1
Heart rate was captured as beats per minute (bpm). Baseline was defined as the average from pulse oximetry measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). In the case of a single, missing pre-ISWT pulse oximetry, the other non-missing single measurement would be used as baseline value. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A who had an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Additionally, data for participants in Cohort B who included an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are the highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Time frame: Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Here, 'Number Analyzed' signifies participants evaluable at the specified timepoint
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | 23.08 bpm | Standard Deviation 19.1 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Expected peak level, Baseline | 80.08 bpm | Standard Deviation 11.93 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | 24.48 bpm | Standard Deviation 18.1 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Expected trough level, Baseline | 75.58 bpm | Standard Deviation 10.78 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | 33.39 bpm | Standard Deviation 18.08 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Period 1, Baseline | 74.59 bpm | Standard Deviation 11.67 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | 31.28 bpm | Standard Deviation 13.67 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Heart Rate at Day 1 | Period 2, Baseline | 75.26 bpm | Standard Deviation 12.04 |
Other Pre-specified
Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1
Pulse Oximetry includes the collection of saturation peripheral capillary oxygenation (SpO\_2). Baseline was defined as the average from pulse oximetry measured at 15 minutes and 0 minute prior to the ISWT. In the case of a single, missing pre-ISWT pulse oximetry, the other non-missing single measurement would be used as baseline value. Change from Baseline = Post-Baseline value - Baseline value. Data for participants in Cohort A who had an ISWT initiated at 30 m of previous dose (expected peak level) and an ISWT initiated at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 are presented. Additionally, data for participants in Cohort B who included an ISWT initiated at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) and with an ISWT initiated at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 are presented. Peak and trough levels are the highest and lowest concentrations of a drug in plasma.
Time frame: Baseline, ~30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil, ~4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication, and ≥1 h following completion of previous ISWT on Day 1
Population: All Participants: Participants who consented to the study protocol. Here, 'Number Analyzed' signifies participants evaluable at the specified timepoint
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Expected peak level, Baseline | 93.73 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 2.94 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Change at 30 m of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected peak level) on Day 1 | -8.13 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 6.68 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Expected trough level, Baseline | 95.15 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 3.12 |
| Cohort A: Treprostinil | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Change at 3-4 h of previous dose of inhaled treprostinil (expected trough level) on Day 1 | -10.35 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 9.35 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Period 1, Baseline | 94.98 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 3.24 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Change at 4 h after morning dose of non-treprostinil PAH medication (Period 1) on Day 1 | -4.85 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 5.13 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Period 2, Baseline | 94.04 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 3.14 |
| Cohort B: Non-Treprostinil PAH Medications | Change From Baseline in Pulse Oximetry at Day 1 | Change at least 1 h following completion of previous ISWT (Period 2) on Day 1 | -2.91 percent saturation (SpO_2) | Standard Deviation 3.79 |