Pain, Anxiety, Urological Nursing, Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Conditions
Keywords
anxiety, cystoscopy, female, nursing, pain, video
Brief summary
The cystoscopy procedure may cause pain and anxiety in patients. Since cystoscopy causes more pain in men, studies on pain and anxiety during cystoscopy are more common in men than women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of watching relaxing video during cystoscopy on the pain and anxiety levels of female patients.
Detailed description
Cystoscopy is a safe procedure with low risk of morbidity commonly used to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms such as hematuria, voiding disorders, irritant bladder symptoms, anatomical disorders. Patients experience pain and anxiety when cystoscope is inserted into the bladder. The various methods (drug or non-drug) are used for pain and anxiety during the cystoscopy. Although there are a lot of studies on male patients, there are limited studies evaluating pain severity in the female patients during urological procedures. In addition, there wasn't found any randomized controlled study for video use from non-drug methods to distract attention in these patients. Based on the study results in the literature, investigators aimed to evaluate the effect of watching relaxing video on the pain and anxiety levels of female patients during rigid cystoscopy.
Interventions
OTHERVideo group
Patients in the video group started to watch the relaxing video about 5-10 minutes before cystoscopy, and continued to watch video during the whole procedure.
Sponsors
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi Gulhane Tip Fakultesi
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* age \> 18 years * female gender * rigid cystoscopy for the first time
Exclusion criteria
* presence of any contraindication for cystoscopy (such as lidocaine allergy, urinary tract infection, and urethra-related anatomical disorders) * any analgesic used 24 hours before cystoscopy * manipulations such as Double-J stent placement or removal, and/or bladder biopsy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| change on pain intensity as measured by Visual Analog Scale | 5-10 minutes before, during and 5 minutes after cytoscopy. | The average score change on pain intensity as measured by Visual Analog Scale. This scale is an unidimensional measure commonly used to measure pain intensity. The scale is a measuring tool with length of 0-10 cm (0-100 mm). High scores on the scale indicate that pain intensity is high. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| score change on anxiety level as measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory | 5-10 minutes before and 5 minutes after cytoscopy. | The average score change on anxiety level as measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. This scale is used to measure anxiety. The scores on the scale ranges from 20 to 80. The high scores on the scale indicate that anxiety is high. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed