Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Metabolic Disease
Conditions
Keywords
High-fat diets, High-carbohydrate diets, Glycaemic control
Brief summary
This study will investigate the effect of high-carbohydrate vs. high-fat overfeeding (130% of energy requirements) on whole body insulin sensitivity. Following habitual diet, participants will be randomly allocated to either a high-carbohydrate or a high-fat diet intervention for 14-days. On days 0, 7 and 14 participants will undergo anthropometric and metabolic testing (primarily an oral glucose tolerance test \[OGTT\]).
Interventions
OTHERHigh-fat diet
Participants will consume a high fat diet for 14 days with approximately 65% of energy from fat. The diet will also provide an energy excess, at 130% of energy requirements. Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.
Participants will consume a high fat diet for 14 days with approximately 70% of energy from carbohydrate. The diet will also provide an energy excess, at 130% of energy requirements. Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.
Sponsors
Loughborough University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 18-40 years * BMI = 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 * Male or female * Physically active (\> 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * Non-smoker (including the use of vaporisers and e-cigarettes) * Healthy (determined by the School's standard health questionnaire) * No cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness
Exclusion criteria
* Outside of age-range * Outside BMI range * Inactive (\< 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * Smoker * Taking medication * History of cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness * Vegetarian/ vegan (as the high-fat diet is based on animal fats) * Other dietary restrictions which prevent consumption of the experimental diet * Consumption of probiotics within last 3 months (these influence the gut microbiota) * Participation in another clinical trial * Those with known or suspected food intolerances, allergies or hypersensitivity * Women who are known to be pregnant or who are intending to become pregnant over the course of the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Whole-body insulin sensitivity index | The change between pre-, during and post- dietary interventions: Assessed on days 0, 7 and 14 | Assessed by oral glucose tolerance test |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fasting plasma glucose concentration | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Measured in fasting plasma sample by spectrophotometric assay |
| Fasting serum insulin concentration | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Measured in fasting serum sample by ELISA |
| Body Mass Index | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Calculated from height and weight |
| Indirect calorimetry | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Measured from expired gas samples |
| Subjective appetite ratings | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Measured from visual analogue scale appetite questionnaires |
| Fasting plasma lipid profile (for example total and HDL cholesterol and TAG concentrations; all measured in mmol/L) | Day 0, Day 7, Day 14 | Measured in fasting plasma sample by spectrophotometric assay |
Countries
United Kingdom
Contacts
Primary ContactCarl Hulston, PhD
Backup ContactZachary Lockhead, MSc
Outcome results
None listed