Chikungunya Virus Infection
Conditions
Brief summary
Safety and immunogenicity of the investigational V184 chikungunya vaccine will be tested in participants with history of chikungunya infection. Initially 21 to 50 year old participants will be enrolled; after favorable review of safety data, participants aged 51 to 65 will be enrolled.
Detailed description
This will be a randomized double-blind interventional clinical study. This study proposes to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the investigational V184 live recombinant measles-vectored chikungunya vaccine delivered in 2 vaccinations, 28 days apart compared with saline placebo. After providing informed consent, individuals will be screened for eligibility including verification of previous exposure to chikungunya virus. They will then be randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either V184 or saline placebo in a 1:1 ratio.
Interventions
BIOLOGICALV184
Recombinant live Schwarz-strain measles-vectored vaccine expressing chikungunya virus structural proteins. Liquid frozen, life attenuated, measles vectored V184 vaccine administered via IM injection at 5 × 10\^5 TCID50 (+/- 0.5 log) per dose.
OTHERPlacebo
Sterile physiological saline for IM injection
Sponsors
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)
Themis Bioscience GmbH
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Masking description
Study medication is available as liquid frozen vaccine product or saline for injection (placebo). The actual study injections will be forwarded to the investigator (injector) in a blinded fashion (injection ready syringes containing either vaccine or placebo).
Intervention model description
Placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, interventional, safety study
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Previous infection with chikungunya as verified by a serum immunoassay. * Able to provide informed consent. * Available and accessible for the duration of the trial. * Able and willing to comply with all requirements of the study. * For women of childbearing potential, willing to practice adequate contraception for the duration of the study. * Medical history and physical examination findings are considered normal or not clinically significant in the opinion of the Investigator, which includes resolution of any arthralgias that may have occurred during prior chikungunya infection, as well as the absence of synovitis. * Laboratory values are considered normal or not clinically significant in the opinion of the Investigator. If laboratory screening tests are out of the normal reference range and of potential clinical significance, the test(s) may be repeated up to 2 times (a total of 3 per screening evaluation) at the discretion of the Investigator, and the repeat values and their potential clinical significance will be used to determine eligibility. * History of immunity to measles. For persons born after 1957, this will be established by a history of compliance with vaccination policies that included measles vaccination or known vaccination as an adult at least one month before they are randomized. Volunteers born before 1957 will be presumed to have immunity to measles based on natural exposure in accordance with US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines \[McLean 2013\].
Exclusion criteria
* Taking medication or other treatment for unresolved symptoms attributed to a previous chikungunya virus infection. * Prior receipt of any investigational chikungunya or other alphavirus vaccine. To date, no alphavirus vaccines have been commercially available in the United States. * Recent infection: * self-limited upper respiratory infections until afebrile without medication for \>1 week; * chikungunya unless/until asymptomatic (other than mild subjective symptoms not requiring treatment) for \>3 months; * non-recurrent upper respiratory or urinary tract infections successfully treated with antibiotics, until asymptomatic for 1 month after full antibiotic course has been completed. * History of an acute allergic or anaphylactic reaction to any vaccine. * History of an immunosuppressive disorder (such as human immunodeficiency virus \[HIV\] infection, Common Variable Immune Deficiency), chronic infection (such as chronic hepatitis B or C), autoimmune disease (such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), autoimmune thyroid disease), or any medical condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, could lead to an atypical immune response to the vaccine. * History of moderate or severe non-traumatic arthritis or arthralgia within 3 months of the Screening Visit. * Recent (within 30 days), current or anticipated use of any immunosuppressive or immune modifying medication including corticosteroids (excluding nasal, ophthalmic, and other topical preparations). * Other vaccination or planned vaccination within 4 weeks of either study dose (seasonal influenza vaccine excepted). * Receipt or planned receipt of blood products including immunoglobulins within 120 days of the Screening Visit. * Pregnant or lactating or planning pregnancy during the trial. * Known alcohol or other substance abuse that in the opinion of the Investigator affects the ability or willingness of the participant to understand and comply with the study protocol. * Participation in another clinical study within the past 30 days in which the participant was exposed to an investigational product (pharmaceutical product or placebo or device) or planned participation in another interventional clinical study while participating in this study. * Relevant history of any medical condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, may interfere with the safety of the participant or aims of the study. * History of neoplastic disease (excluding successfully treated non-melanoma skin cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) within the past 5 years or a history of any hematological malignancy. * Behavioral or psychiatric disease or cognitive impairment that in the opinion of the Investigator affects the ability or willingness of the participant to understand and comply with the study protocol. * Non-consent to storage of blood specimens for future research. * Persons in direct relationship with the Sponsor or its contracted service providers, the contract research organisation (CRO) or its subcontractors, the Investigator, or study site staff. Direct relationship includes first degree relatives or dependents (children, spouse/partner, siblings or parents), as well as employees (site or Sponsor).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants With Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) | Up to 7 days after vaccination (up to Day 35) | An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Solicited AEs included fever, fatigue, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea/vomiting, joint pain or injection site itching, pain/tenderness, erythema/redness or induration/swelling that occurred within 7 days of vaccination. The number of participants with solicited AEs following Vaccination 1 (Day 0) or Vaccination 2 (Day 28) were reported for each group. |
| Number of Participants With Unsolicited AEs | Up to Day 196 | An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Unsolicited AEs were defined as events reported within 7 days after each vaccination and not defined as solicited AE, and all AEs reported more than 7 days after vaccination. The number of participants with unsolicited AEs were reported for each group. |
| Number of Participants With Solicited and Unsolicited AEs of Grade 2 or Higher According to the 2007 Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007) | Up to Day 196 | An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Solicited AEs included fever, fatigue, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea/vomiting, joint pain or injection site itching, pain/tenderness, erythema/redness or induration/swelling that occurred within 7 days of vaccination. Unsolicited AEs were defined as events reported within 7 days after each vaccination and not defined as solicited AE, and all AEs reported more than 7 days after vaccination. AEs were graded by the investigator for severity as per the FDA Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adults Enrolled in Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007), where Grade 1=mild; Grade 2=moderate; Grade 3=severe; Grade 4=potentially life threatening. A higher grade indicates increased severity of AE. The number of participants with solicited and unsolicited AEs of grade 2 (moderate) or higher were reported for each group. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Days 0, 28, 56, and 196 | Serum samples were collected and the titers of serum neutralization antibodies were assessed. GMTs were calculated using a mixed effects model with treatment (V184 versus placebo), visit and age group, and treatment visit interaction as fixed factors and participant as a random effect. GMFR was defined as the geometric mean of the ratio of concentration at specified timepoints after vaccination divided by concentration at baseline (Day 0). |
Countries
Puerto Rico
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| V184 Participants received 2 vaccinations with V184 administered via intramuscular (IM) injection at 5 × 10\^5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose (TCID50) per dose on Days 0 and 28. | 21 |
| Placebo Participants received 2 injections of sterile physiological saline administered via IM injection on Days 0 and 28. | 20 |
| Total | 41 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Lost to Follow-up | 1 | 0 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Placebo | Total | V184 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 37.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 11.37 | 39.3 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 12.4 | 41.2 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 13.29 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 20 Participants | 41 Participants | 21 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 0 Participants | 1 Participants | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 20 Participants | 40 Participants | 20 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 0 Participants | 0 Participants | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 12 Participants | 25 Participants | 13 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 8 Participants | 16 Participants | 8 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 21 | 0 / 20 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 17 / 21 | 12 / 20 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 21 | 0 / 20 |
Outcome results
Primary
Number of Participants With Solicited Adverse Events (AEs)
An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Solicited AEs included fever, fatigue, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea/vomiting, joint pain or injection site itching, pain/tenderness, erythema/redness or induration/swelling that occurred within 7 days of vaccination. The number of participants with solicited AEs following Vaccination 1 (Day 0) or Vaccination 2 (Day 28) were reported for each group.
Time frame: Up to 7 days after vaccination (up to Day 35)
Population: All participants that received at least one dose of vaccine/placebo were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| V184 | Number of Participants With Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) | 15 Participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Solicited Adverse Events (AEs) | 11 Participants |
Primary
Number of Participants With Solicited and Unsolicited AEs of Grade 2 or Higher According to the 2007 Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007)
An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Solicited AEs included fever, fatigue, headache, malaise, myalgia, nausea/vomiting, joint pain or injection site itching, pain/tenderness, erythema/redness or induration/swelling that occurred within 7 days of vaccination. Unsolicited AEs were defined as events reported within 7 days after each vaccination and not defined as solicited AE, and all AEs reported more than 7 days after vaccination. AEs were graded by the investigator for severity as per the FDA Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adults Enrolled in Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007), where Grade 1=mild; Grade 2=moderate; Grade 3=severe; Grade 4=potentially life threatening. A higher grade indicates increased severity of AE. The number of participants with solicited and unsolicited AEs of grade 2 (moderate) or higher were reported for each group.
Time frame: Up to Day 196
Population: All participants that received at least one dose of vaccine/placebo were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| V184 | Number of Participants With Solicited and Unsolicited AEs of Grade 2 or Higher According to the 2007 Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007) | 4 Participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Solicited and Unsolicited AEs of Grade 2 or Higher According to the 2007 Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials (2007) | 4 Participants |
Primary
Number of Participants With Unsolicited AEs
An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence temporally associated with the use of the treatment that did not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. Unsolicited AEs were defined as events reported within 7 days after each vaccination and not defined as solicited AE, and all AEs reported more than 7 days after vaccination. The number of participants with unsolicited AEs were reported for each group.
Time frame: Up to Day 196
Population: All participants that received at least one dose of vaccine/placebo were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| V184 | Number of Participants With Unsolicited AEs | 3 Participants |
| Placebo | Number of Participants With Unsolicited AEs | 3 Participants |
Secondary
Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time
Serum samples were collected and the titers of serum neutralization antibodies were assessed. GMTs were calculated using a mixed effects model with treatment (V184 versus placebo), visit and age group, and treatment visit interaction as fixed factors and participant as a random effect. GMFR was defined as the geometric mean of the ratio of concentration at specified timepoints after vaccination divided by concentration at baseline (Day 0).
Time frame: Days 0, 28, 56, and 196
Population: All participants that received both doses of vaccine/placebo, had at least one post-vaccination immunogenicity assessment, and did not experience a protocol deviation that affected their immunogenicity evaluation were analyzed.
| Arm | Measure | Group | Value (GEOMETRIC_MEAN) |
|---|---|---|---|
| V184 | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 28 | 1.5 Ratio |
| V184 | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 56 | 1.9 Ratio |
| V184 | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 196 | 1.3 Ratio |
| Placebo | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 28 | 0.9 Ratio |
| Placebo | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 56 | 0.9 Ratio |
| Placebo | Geometric Mean Fold Rise (GMFR) of Serum Neutralizing Antibodies (nAb) to V184 Over Time | Day 196 | 1.0 Ratio |
Comparison: Day 28 V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR Ratio~The ratio of V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR at Day 28 was derived from the mixed effects model used to determine GMFR.p-value: 0.00495% CI: [1.2, 2.1]Mixed Effects Model
Comparison: Day 56 V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR Ratio~The ratio of V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR at Day 56 was derived from the mixed effects model used to determine GMFR.p-value: <0.00195% CI: [1.5, 2.8]Mixed Effects Model
Comparison: Day 196 V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR Ratio~The ratio of V184 GMFR/Placebo GMFR at Day 196 was derived from the mixed effects model used to determine GMFR.p-value: 0.12195% CI: [0.9, 1.7]Mixed Effects Model