Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Worry
Brief summary
This study evaluates two types of internet-based treatments for generalized anxiety disorder and two types of support. The treatments are a predetermined program for generalized anxiety disorder and a self-selected treatment. The different types of support are either a weekly contact trough a secure message system or support on demand.
Detailed description
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterize by and excessive and uncontrollable worry that is present more days than not. The disorder is best described as a chronic condition with periods with more or less symptoms. The disorder is highly disabling with low quality of life for the individual and is associated with and high costs for society. Previous studies on internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for GAD has shown positive effects but there are still room for improvement. The aim of this study is to evaluate two different internet-based treatments as well as two types of support through the use of a factorial design. The participants will be recruited trough advertising. After registration on the study's website the potential participants will be asked to answer screening questionnaires and demographic data for an initial screening. Those meeting inclusion criteria will be contacted for a diagnostic interview based Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). If meeting the study's inclusion criteria and not the exclusion criteria the participant will be included in the study and randomized to one of the four arms. The four arms are: Predetermined treatment program with weekly support, Predetermined treatment program with support on demand, Self-selected treatment with weekly support, Self-selected treatment with support on demand. The predetermined treatment program is designed for treatment of worry and generalized anxiety disorder. It is based on newer forms of cognitive behavior therapy and includes mindfulness and acceptance. In the self-selected treatment the participants will select treatment interventions with the help of a manual and encouraged to choose interventions that they feel address their specific problems. The interventions that will be available are all based on standard cognitive behavior therapy techniques. The weekly support will be scheduled and delivered by clinical psychology students under supervision. This contact will be based on reports from the participants on the weeks work with the program and exercises. The support on demand will be also be delivered by clinical psychology students under supervision. This support takes place if and when the participant ask for support. Treatment will be 8 weeks long and both treatments will be delivered through the same platform. Contact with the participants will be trough written messages on a secure platform. After the eight weeks of treatment the participants will be asked to answer the same measures as before the treatment as well as questions regarding how they experience the treatment. Follow up data will be collected at later points.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSelf-selected treatment
The participants will select their own treatment material with the help of a written manual. The interventions possible to choose are all interventions used in standard cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety and depression.
BEHAVIORALPredetermined treatment
The participants will be given a treatment program designed to address worry and generalized anxiety disorder. The program are based on newer forms of cognitive behavior therapy and include mindfulness and acceptance.
BEHAVIORALWeekly support
The participants will have scheduled weekly support, once a week, during the treatment. The support till be delivered by students in clinical psychology.
BEHAVIORALSupport on demand
The participants will have support if and when they ask for it by themselves. If asked for the support will be delivered by students in clinical psychology.
Sponsors
Linkoeping University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
A factorial design with four cells: Cell one: Predetermined treatment program with weekly support Cell two: Predetermined treatment program with support on demand Cell three: Self-selected treatment program with weekly support Cell four: Self-selected treatment program with support on demand
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* At least 18 years old * fulfilling criteria for generalized anxiety syndrome * 45 points or more on PSWQ * Able to read and write in Swedish * Have daily access to a computer and internet
Exclusion criteria
* Alcohol or substance abuse * Acute suicidal * Ongoing psychological treatment * Ongoing medication for anxiety or depression that is planned to be adjusted during the time of the treatment given in the study * Complex psychiatric illness that highly disabling
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Measures symptoms severity of worry. 16 items, with score range 16-80. Higher score indicates worse symptoms |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) | baseline and weekly during 8 weeks treatment. 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Screening measure for worry and anxiety symptoms. 7 items, score range 0-21. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity |
| Change from baseline in Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Measure of anxiety symptoms. 21 items with score range 0-63. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity |
| Change from baseline in Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) | baseline and weekly during 8 weeks treatment. 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Screening measure for depressive symptoms. 9 items with score range 0-27. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity |
| Change from baseline in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire IV (GAD-Q-IV) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Designed to capture the criteria for generalized anxiety disorder according to diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), 9 items with score range 0-12. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity |
| Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Measure of psychological flexibility. 7 items with score range 7-49 with higher scores indicate lower psychological flexibility |
| Brunnsviken Brief Quality of life scale (BBQ) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | 12 items, measures the quality of life. 12 items with score 0-96. Higher score indicate higher quality of life |
| General self-efficacy scale | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Measure of percieved self-efficay. 10 items rated on a four-point Likert scale. Score range 10-40 with a higher score indicating a higher percieved self-efficacy. |
| Beck Depression II Inventory (BDI-II) | Baseline, 8 weeks, 24 months and 36 months after treatment | Measure of severity of depressive symptoms. 21 items with score range 0-63. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity |
Countries
Sweden
Outcome results
None listed