ARFI, VisR and DDAI Ultrasound for Improving Discrimination of Malignant and Unresponsive Breast Cancer

The ultrasound data will be processed to calculate the ratio of ARFI PD values at 90o versus 0 o transducer orientations for DDAI and statistically correlated to the response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover in less than a millisecond. The tissue displacement can be tracked and used to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Peak Displacement (PD) - Maximum displacement of tissue in the breast lesion after an ARFI excitation. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesions not shrinking by 25% or more. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks btwn.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The ultrasound data was processed to calculate ratio of VisR RE values at 90o versus 0o transducer orientations for DDAI and statistically correlated to response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemo cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks btwn scans. Viscoelastic Response (VisR) - Ultrasound technique in which an acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover. Tissue recovery is fit to a mass-spring-damper physics model to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Relative Elasticity (RE) - Qualitative estimate for tissue stiffness in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesions not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy.

Time frame: Up to 60 days

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate displacement at a given time (TD) for ARFI and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into tissue, causing it to displace and recover in less than a millisecond. The tissue displacement can be tracked and used to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Participants were imaged at baseline.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate peak displacement (PD) and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Peak Displacement (PD) - Maximum displacement of tissue in the breast lesion after an Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) excitation. Participants who have undergone breast ultrasonogram were categorized as BIRADS-4a, 4b, 4c, or -5 masses.

Time frame: Baseline imaging

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate ratio of ARFI PD values at 90o versus 0o transducer orientations for DDAI and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Participants were imaged according to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy schedule, at baseline and end of each chemotherapy type Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover in less than a millisecond. The tissue displacement can be tracked and used to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Peak Displacement (PD) - Maximum displacement of tissue in the breast lesion after an ARFI excitation.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate the ratio of VisR RE values at 90o versus 0o transducer orientations for DDAI and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Participants were imaged according to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy schedule, at baseline and end of each chemotherapy type Viscoelastic Response (VisR) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover. The tissue recovery curve is then fit to a mass-spring-damper physics model to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Relative Elasticity (RE) - Qualitative estimate for tissue stiffness in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate ratio of VisR RV values at 90o versus 0o transducer orientations for DDAI and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Participants were imaged according to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy schedule, at baseline and end of each chemotherapy type Displacement at Time (TD) - Displacement of tissue in the breast lesion at time t=0.2 ms after an ARFI excitation. Viscoelastic Response (VisR) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into tissue, causing it to displace and recover. The tissue recovery curve is then fit to a mass-spring-damper physics model to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Relative Viscosity (RV) - Qualitative estimate for tissue viscosity in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate relative elasticity (RE) and correlated with biopsy finding of malignant or benign. Relative Elasticity (RE) - Qualitative estimate for tissue stiffness in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate relative viscosity (RV) and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Relative Viscosity (RV) - Qualitative estimate for tissue viscosity in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Participants were imaged according to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy schedule, at baseline and end of each chemotherapy type

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate tissue mass (TM) for VisRand correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Participants were imaged according to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy schedule, at baseline and end of each chemotherapy type Viscoelastic Response (VisR) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover. The tissue recovery curve is then fit to a mass-spring-damper physics model to estimate stiffness and viscosity.

Time frame: Baseline

Population: In total 34 subjects were included in the analysis. Six subjects were excluded because their lessons were unsuitable for the study criteria, had insufficient image quality, or were withdrawn. Biopsy finding of malignant:12 participants, Biopsy finding of benign: 22 participants. Women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo are not included since they already have a malignant disease diagnosis.

The ultrasound data was processed to calculate displacement at a given time (TD) for ARFI and statistically correlated to response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a sacoustic pulse is transmitted into tissue, causing it to displace and recover in \<1 ms. The tissue displacement was used to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesion not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The correlation of each ultrasound metric will be analyzed by constructing separate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The ultrasound data were processed to calculate peak displacement (PD) and correlated with biopsy findings of malignant or benign. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans. Peak Displacement (PD) - Maximum displacement of tissue in the breast lesion after an Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) excitation.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The ultrasound data will be processed to calculate ratio of RV values at 90o versus 0o transducer orientations for DDAI and statistically correlated to response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans. Relative Viscosity (RV) - Qualitative estimate for tissue viscosity in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesion not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The ultrasound data will be processed to calculate relative elasticity (RE) and statistically correlated to response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Relative Elasticity (RE) - Qualitative estimate for tissue stiffness in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesion not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The ultrasound data will be processed to calculate relative viscosity (RV) and statistically correlated to response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Relative Viscosity (RV) - Qualitative estimate for tissue viscosity in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesions not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.

The ultrasound data will be processed to calculate tissue mass (TM) for VisR and statistically correlated to the response of treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These values were weighted based on the number of imaging visits during subjects' treatment. Tissue Mass (TM) - Qualitative estimate for tissue mass in the breast lesion based on VisR imaging. Viscoelastic Response (VisR) - Ultrasound imaging technique in which a strong acoustic pulse is transmitted into the tissue, causing it to displace and recover. The tissue recovery curve is then fit to a mass-spring-damper physics model to estimate stiffness and viscosity. Response to chemo - Defined as the lesion shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Non-responders to chemo - Defined as lesions not shrinking by 25% or more over the course of chemotherapy. Participants were imaged at baseline and end of each chemotherapy cycle. Patients were imaged 3-8 times w/ 3-4 weeks between scans.

Time frame: Up to 8 months

Population: Only women scheduled for neoadjuvant chemo and completed imaging (in total 4 subjects) were included in the analysis. One subject was withdrawn and was excluded from the analysis. Women scheduled for biopsy were not included.