Gestational Weight Gain
Conditions
Keywords
Medical nutrition therapy, Eating behavior, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Gestational Diabetes
Brief summary
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) create complications during pregnancy, particularly in women with gestational weight gain (GWG) that falls over the recommended limit. On the other hand Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) has been shown to reduce some complications in women with T2DM and GDM. The aim of this project was to assess the association of MNT consultations and eating behavior with GWG in Mexican women with T2DM and GDM.
Detailed description
This cross-sectional study conducted at from 2013 to 2014. Fifty seven patients with T2DM or GDM were invited to participate. The dependent variable was GWG and the main independent variables were MNT and eating behaviors. Data were obtained from medical records or interviews. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALMedical Nutrition Therapy
MNT was offered every 2-4 weeks to all pregnant women with T2DM and GDM. Women. MNT is offered as a mandatory part of their prenatal visit and/or hospital stay. The MNT provides an individual food plan with the following recommendations: total calories should be calculated as 30 kcal/kg based on pregestational BMI for an ideal weight. Of the total energy intake 40-45% is provided by carbohydrates, a maximum of 40% is provided by lipids and the remaining percentage by proteins providing moderate-to-low glycemic index foods and fiber consumption, glucose self-monitoring, participating in 15-30 min of daily physical activity after prior authorization of the treating physician, and meeting the minimal energy requirements of pregnancy (never \< 1,500 kcal).
Sponsors
Fogarty International Center of the National Institute of Health
Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico
Hugo Mendieta Zeron
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
20 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Women who had given birth and with known T2DM. * Women who had given birth and with GDM diagnosed during pregnancy.
Exclusion criteria
* Women with multiple pregnancies. * Women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. * Women with glucose intolerance. * Women with chronic diseases.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gestational Weight Gain | Nine months | Weight (kg) was measured using a weight scale (SECA 711). GWG was calculated by subtracting the prepregnancy weight from the weight at the end of the third trimester (kg). Recommended GWG was based on U.S. Institute of Medicine guidelines. |
Countries
Mexico
Outcome results
None listed