Acute Pain, Anesthesia, Pain Measurement, Postoperative Pain, Surgery
Conditions
Keywords
Pain Measurement, Acute Postoperative Pain
Brief summary
The numeric rating scale (NRS), one of the most widely used pain scales in clinical practice, although convenient, is often subject to bias because it requires abstract thinking from both the patient and the evaluator. Compared to numbers, traumatic pain, when visualized appropriately, has potential advantage as a means to indicate and communicate the severity of pain. Given that they are standardized in terms of body parts, wound size, and bleeding volume, illustrations of traumatic pain along with external somatic stimuli that caused it can be used to serve as effective visual anchors to supplement a pain scale by giving more concrete information to the patient. The purpose of this study is to develop Seoul National University Illustrated Pain Scale(SNUIPS) using pictures of traumatic pain, and verify the validity and effectiveness of this scale in comparison with those of NRS.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Seoul National University Hospital
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 79 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adult patients undergoing a gynecological or orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia * Administered with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain control * American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I-III patients
Exclusion criteria
* Contraindicated against fentanyl * Unable to communicate * Aged less than 18, or more than 79 * Weighs less than 40kg or more than 89kg * Has severe heart disease(s) * Pregnant
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative Pain Scores (NRS) | 24 hours after surgery | Self-reported pain intensity based on numeric rating scale evaluated after 24 hours after surgery. Each item is scored from 0 to 10 (0 = no pain; 10 = worst imaginable pain). Retrospective assessment of peak postoperative pain intensity will be included in addition to evaluation of current pain intensity. |
| Postoperative Pain Scores (SNUIPS) | 24 hours after surgery | Self-reported pain intensity based on Seoul National University Illustrated Pain Scale evaluated after 24 hours after surgery. Each item is scored using illustrations that corresponds to 0-10 levels of traumatic pain, beginning from 'no injury and/or pain' to 'causalgia'. Retrospective assessment of peak postoperative pain intensity will be included in addition to evaluation of current pain intensity. |
| Postoperative Consumption of Patient-Controlled and/or Rescue Analgesics | 24 hours after surgery | Amount of analgesics consumed through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia and/or administration of rescue analgesics |
| Understandability of Pain Scales | 48 hours after surgery | Survey among patients on understandability pain scales |
| Convenience of Pain Scales | 48 hours after surgery | Survey among patients on convenience of pain scales |
| Patient Satisfaction of Postoperative Pain Management | 48 hours after surgery | Survey among patients on their level of overall satisfaction on postoperative pain management |
Countries
South Korea
Contacts
Primary ContactJin-Tae Kim, MD, PhD
Outcome results
None listed