Human Papilloma Virus, Vaccine
Conditions
Keywords
Adolescence, Attitudes, Parents, Vaccination
Brief summary
This project involves a social media campaign to increase parent's knowledge and acceptance of the HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine. The current vaccine protects against nine types of HPV, including seven that are known to cause cancer. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that the current HPV vaccine could prevent 90% of cancer cases caused by HPV, including cases of cervical cancer, oropharyngeal (mouth and throat) cancer, anal cancer, and others. About 150 and 104 cases of HPV-associated cancers are diagnosed each year in New Hampshire and Vermont, respectively-many of which could be prevented through vaccination. Currently, only 49.8% of New Hampshire adolescents and 44.3% of Vermont adolescents were not up-to-date for HPV vaccination as of 2016. This social media campaign is testing a set of campaign messages with parents locally and nationally to see which messages are most effective in improving their knowledge and acceptance of the vaccine. A study survey link will monitor the number of people reached and will measure parental intention to get their children vaccinated against HPV.
Interventions
OTHERSocial Media Message about HPV and HPV vaccine
Messages educate parents with facts about HPV vaccination.
OTHERSocial media message about risk of electronic cigarettes.
Messages educate parents with facts about electronic cigarettes. This is an attention control group without outcomes obtained.
Sponsors
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Norris Cotton Cancer Center
Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Participants are not aware of which arm of social messaging they are receiving and whether they are receiving the control message or not
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* parents of children 9-14 years old
Exclusion criteria
* non-parents
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Attitudes About HPV Vaccine | Post test completed < 1 hour post messaging intervention | Change in Attitudes about HPV vaccine: Pre to post test comparison of summated 9 items measured on a 7-point scale of HPV vaccine attitudes. Scores range from a minimum of 9 to a maximum of 63. Higher scores indicated more positive attitudes toward HPV vaccination. Change was calculated from two time points, the later time point(\<1 hour post messaging intervention) minus value at baseline. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral Intention to Vaccinate Their Child With HPV Vaccine | Ore test immediately before viewing message and post- test immediately after viewing message. Approximately one hour. | A sub-group of parents of 9-14 year old children who had not been vaccinated were asked on pre- and post-test: How likely is it that she/he will receive the HPV vaccine in the next 12 months? Responses range form 1 (very likely) to 5 (not very likely). HPV vaccination behavioral intent change scores were calculated by subtracting pre- and post- test values. It is a negative-value scale, in which smaller values indicate more positive attitude change after exposure to the viewed message. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Recruitment details
1713 prospective participants responded to a social media or MTurk posting about the study between 12/12/18 to 04/15/19. 39 declined to consent. Of the remaining 1674 participants: 631 had no child and were deemed ineligible,.1043 people were eligible and consented to be in the study. Of that, 45 dropped before random assignment. As such, 998 people were eligible, provided a consent, and completed a baseline survey.
Pre-assignment details
Eligible, consented participants completed a pre-test survey prior to assignment to an arm.
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| HPV Messaging 834 Subjects are randomized to receive one of five messages on one of the five themes about HPV vaccination.(165-167/group)
Social Media Message about HPV and HPV vaccine: Messages educate parents with facts about HPV vaccination. | 834 |
| Control Message 164 Subjects are randomized to receive one of five messages about electronic cigarettes.
Social media message about risk of electronic cigarettes.: Messages educate parents with facts about electronic cigarettes. This is an attention control group without outcomes obtained. | 164 |
| Total | 998 |
Withdrawals & dropouts
| Period | Reason | FG000 | FG001 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study | Withdrawal by Subject | 1 | 2 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Control Message | Total | HPV Messaging |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 37.33 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.88 | 37.93 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.77 | 38.05 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 10.75 |
| HPV Vaccine in prevents Cervical Cancer | 2.48 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 | 2.52 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.56 | 2.53 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.58 |
| HPV Vaccine in prevents Throat Cancer | 2.08 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.81 | 2.23 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.8 | 2.26 units on a scale STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.8 |
| Prior knowledge of HPV | 142 Participants | 872 Participants | 730 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | — | 0 Participants | — |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 96 Participants | 616 Participants | 520 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 68 Participants | 382 Participants | 314 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 0 | 0 / 0 |
Outcome results
Primary
Change in Attitudes About HPV Vaccine
Change in Attitudes about HPV vaccine: Pre to post test comparison of summated 9 items measured on a 7-point scale of HPV vaccine attitudes. Scores range from a minimum of 9 to a maximum of 63. Higher scores indicated more positive attitudes toward HPV vaccination. Change was calculated from two time points, the later time point(\<1 hour post messaging intervention) minus value at baseline.
Time frame: Post test completed < 1 hour post messaging intervention
Population: 1 participant in the experimental group and 2 participants in the control group withdrew from the study and are not included in the analysis.
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| HPV Messaging | Change in Attitudes About HPV Vaccine | .16 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
| Control Messaging | Change in Attitudes About HPV Vaccine | -.08 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.91 |
p-value: 0.003t-test, 2 sided
Secondary
Behavioral Intention to Vaccinate Their Child With HPV Vaccine
A sub-group of parents of 9-14 year old children who had not been vaccinated were asked on pre- and post-test: How likely is it that she/he will receive the HPV vaccine in the next 12 months? Responses range form 1 (very likely) to 5 (not very likely). HPV vaccination behavioral intent change scores were calculated by subtracting pre- and post- test values. It is a negative-value scale, in which smaller values indicate more positive attitude change after exposure to the viewed message.
Time frame: Ore test immediately before viewing message and post- test immediately after viewing message. Approximately one hour.
Population: A sub-group of parents of 9-14 year old children who had not been vaccinated were asked on pre- and post-test: How likely is it that she/he will receive the HPV vaccine in the next 12 months? Responses range form 1 (very likely) to 5 (not very likely).
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEAN) | Dispersion |
|---|---|---|---|
| HPV Messaging | Behavioral Intention to Vaccinate Their Child With HPV Vaccine | -.022 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.81 |
| Control Messaging | Behavioral Intention to Vaccinate Their Child With HPV Vaccine | -.06 units on a scale | Standard Deviation 0.92 |
Comparison: Change in mean scores for behavioral intent to vaccine: negative values: smaller values indicate more likely to vaccinate.p-value: >0.05t-test, 2 sided