E-cigarette
Conditions
Keywords
e-cigarette, health effects, cigarette smoking, exhaled nitric oxide, pulmonary function tests
Brief summary
The goal of our study was to assess acute, short term respiratory (airflow, FeNO, O2 saturation, exhaled air temperature) and cardiovascular (heart rate, blood pressure) responses to smoking an e-cigarette in exclusive e-smokers and dual users and to compare these effects with responses to smoking a tobacco-cigarette in exclusive tobacco smokers.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCigarette smoking
T-smokers were asked to smoke a cigarette of one of the popular brands (0.6mg nicotine per one cigarette) according to their everyday habits.
BEHAVIORALE-cigarette use
E-smokers and dual users were instructed to use e-cigarettes (12 mg/ml nicotine) in accordance with everyday habits for 5 minutes.
BEHAVIORALSimulation of the use of e-cigarette
The control subjects were asked to simulate the use of e-cigarettes (a device without e-liquid where aerosol was not created or inhaled).
Sponsors
Medical University of Silesia
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Masking description
Subjects were divided into 4 groups (n=30 each) based on their self-declared smoking status: control (C), tobacco cigarette smokers (T-Smokers), exclusive e-cigarette users (E-Smokers) and dual users (T/E-Smokers).
Intervention model description
This was a laboratory-based intervention study: pre-post-post
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 30 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
\- smoking status (cigarette or e-cigarette smoking)
Exclusion criteria
* occurrence of any chronic diseases, * history of lung conditions (eg.: asthma or bronchial hyperactivity in childhood), * presence of any allergic diseases, * medication intake within the last 2 weeks, * acute illnesses or infections in the last 2 weeks, * influenza vaccination in the last 2 weeks, * or current pregnancy or lactation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| O2 saturation | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | The O2 measurement was made in the sitting position using the PULSOX 2 electronic pulse meter. The result was recorded 15 seconds after the start of the measurement. |
| Concentration of nitric oxide (FeNO) | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | FeNO measurements were made using the standard procedure in the sitting position with a clip attached to the nose using a NIOX MINO device for measuring fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Subjects were instructed to breathe as deeply as possible through the mouthpiece to achieve maximum lung filling and then to exhale 50ml/sec for 10s. The measured FeNO values were expressed in ppb (parts per billion). |
| exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | During the measurement, requirements regarding the length and intensity of the exhalation were taken into account. The measurements were made using the PiCo Smokylyzer device. The measured CO levels were expressed in ppm (parts per million). |
| temperature of exhaled air | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | The measurement was made using the standard procedure in the sitting position using an X-Halo Breath Thermometer \[20\]. Respondents were instructed to breathe according to the procedure recommended by the device manufacturer. The temperature of exhaled air was expressed in Celsius degrees (°C). |
| spirometric testing | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | Airflow and lung volume were measured in the sitting position with a noseclip according to the ATS/ERS guidelines. The measurements were made using the EasyOne 2001 spirometer and included FEV1, FVC, FEV1% FVC, PEF and MEF75,50,25. Expiratory maneuvers were repeated until a minimum of three technically correct, repeatable measurements were obtained. |
| heart rate | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | Heart rate was measured in the sitting position, the result of measurement was expressed in beats per minute. |
| blood pressure | pre - post (1 minute after exposure) - post (30 minute after exposure) | Blood pressure was measured in the sitting position, the result of measurement was expressed in mmHg. |
Outcome results
None listed