Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease
Conditions
Brief summary
Our study investigated the effect of using a known drug used in intermittent claudication (named pentoxifylline) as an adjuvant to erythropoietin stimulating agents to improve anemia of hemodialysis patients.
Detailed description
Fifty out of 57 hemodialysis anemic patients were finally included. They were assigned to two groups of equal numbers. Oral Pentoxifylline 400mg once daily was added to the treatment group which was compared to the control group over a six months period regarding hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum albumin and CRP. Inclusion criteria: (Patients with ESRD on HD who have hemoglobin \<11 g/dl, taking Erythropoietin alfa 4000 -12000 I.U/wk and having a urea reduction ratio \>65%.). There were 57 patients who met the inclusion criteria out of 158 patients. Exclusion criteria: Iron deficiency anemia with transferrin saturation \<30%, intact PTH\>300pg/ml, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency (evidenced by macrocytosis), history of intolerance to pentoxifylline or other xanthine derivatives, recent retinal or cerebral hemorrhage or active peptic ulcer disease, pregnancy or breastfeeding, presence of systemic hematological disease or known hemoglobinopathy, major surgery, infection, acute myocardial infarction, or malignancy within the last three months and patients who refused to participate in the study.
Interventions
DRUGPentoxifylline
a known drug of xanthine derivatives used in intermittent claudication
Sponsors
Tanta University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* (Patients with ESRD on HD who have hemoglobin \<11 g/dl, taking Erythropoietin alfa 4000 -12000 I.U/wk and having a urea reduction ratio \>65%.). There were 57 patients who met the inclusion criteria out of 158 patients
Exclusion criteria
* Iron deficiency anemia with transferrin saturation \<30%, intact PTH\>300pg/ml, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency (evidenced by macrocytosis), history of intolerance to pentoxifylline or other xanthine derivatives, recent retinal or cerebral hemorrhage or active peptic ulcer disease, pregnancy or breastfeeding, presence of systemic hematological disease or known hemoglobinopathy, major surgery, infection, acute myocardial infarction, or malignancy within the last three months and patients who refused to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| hemoglobin difference | after 6 months from the start | the difference in haemoglobin concentration between the pentoxifylline and control group at the end of the 6 months study period. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| difference in inflammatory markers | after 6 months from the start | Difference in CRP and albumin levels between the two groups |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed