Refractory Plasma Cell Myeloma
Conditions
Brief summary
This phase II trial studies how well dexamethasone, elotuzumab, pomalidomide work in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has not responded to previous treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as dexamethasone, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as elotuzumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Pomalidomide may stop the growth of multiple myeloma by blocking the growth of new blood vessels necessary for tumor growth. Giving dexamethasone, elotuzumab, pomalidomide may work better in treating patients with multiple myeloma.
Detailed description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: I. To determine the overall response rate (ORR) of utilizing elotuzumab, pomalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with disease refractory to daratumumab. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine percentage of patients achieving complete response (CR) with the elotuzumab combination. II. To determine progression-free survival (PFS) for treatment with the elotuzumab combination. III. To determine safety profile for treatment with the elotuzumab combination. IV. To determine the overall survival (OS) for patients receiving treatment with the elotuzumab combination. OUTLINE: Patients receive dexamethasone intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2 and IV on day 1 and orally (PO) on days 8, 15, and 22 of subsequent cycles and elotuzumab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2 and day 1 of subsequent cycles. Patients also receive pomalidomide PO on days 1-21. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months until progressive disease, then every 6 months thereafter.
Interventions
DRUGDexamethasone
Given IV and PO
BIOLOGICALElotuzumab
Given IV
DRUGPomalidomide
Given PO
Sponsors
Mayo Clinic
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age \>= 18 years * Pathologically confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma and noted to have progressive disease (International Myeloma Working Group \[IMWG\] criteria). * At least one prior line of therapy. * Disease refractory to daratumumab as defined by disease progression while on or =\< 60 days of completing treatment with a daratumumab-containing regimen as part of any prior line of therapy. * Measurable disease =\< 14 days prior to registration. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) 0, 1 or 2. * Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>= 1,000 cell/mm\^3 without growth factor support (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Platelet \>= 50,000 cells/mm\^3 for patients who have bone marrow plasmacytosis \< 50% or \>= 30,000 cells/mm\^3 for patients who have bone marrow plasmacytosis of \>= 50% (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Total bilirubin =\< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) unless due to Gilbert's syndrome, in which case the direct bilirubin must be =\< 1.5 x ULN (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) =\< 3 x ULN (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR)/activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) =\< 1.5 x ULN OR if patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy and PT/INR or aPTT is within target range of therapy (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Calculated or measured creatinine clearance \>= 30 ml/min (obtained =\< 14 days prior to registration). * Negative urine or serum pregnancy test done =\< 14 days prior to registration, for persons of childbearing potential only. * NOTE: If the urine test is positive or cannot be confirmed as negative, a serum pregnancy test will be required. * Provide written informed consent. * Willing to return to enrolling institution for follow-up (during the Active Monitoring Phase of the study). * Willing to follow the requirements of the (Revlimid/Pomalyst) Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) program.
Exclusion criteria
* Non-secretory multiple myeloma (MM) or known immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis. * Clinically significant active infection requiring intravenous antibiotics (=\< 14 days prior to registration). * \>= Grade 3 neuropathy and/or POEMS syndrome (plasma cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, and skin changes). * Immunocompromised patients and patients known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and currently receiving antiretroviral therapy. * NOTE: Patients known to be HIV positive, but without clinical evidence of an immunocompromised state, are eligible for this trial. * Concurrent therapy considered investigational. * NOTE: Patients must not be planning to receive any radiation therapy (except localized radiation for palliative care that must be completed prior to starting Cycle 1, Day 1). * Any of the following because this study involves an investigational agent whose genotoxic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and newborn are unknown: * Pregnant women. * Nursing women (lactating females are eligible provided that they agree not to breast feed while taking lenalidomide). * Men or women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception. * Other active malignancy =\< 3 years prior to registration. * EXCEPTIONS: * Adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer. * Any in situ cancer. * Adequately treated Stage I or II cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission, or * NOTE: If there is a history of prior malignancy, they must not be receiving other specific treatment for their cancer. * Major surgery =\< 4 weeks prior to registration. * History of stroke/intracranial hemorrhage =\< 6 months prior to registration. * Clinically significant cardiac illness including New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or Class IV heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or \>= Grade 3 cardiac arrhythmias noted =\< 14 days prior to registration. * Currently active, clinically significant hepatic impairment Child-Pugh class B or C according to the Child Pugh classification. * Exhibiting clinical signs of meningeal involvement of multiple myeloma. * Known severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma defined as forced expiratory volume (FEV1) in 1 second \< 60% of expected. * Prior exposure to elotuzumab. * Prior history of disease refractory to pomalidomide. * Co-morbid systemic illnesses or other severe concurrent disease which, in the judgment of the investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study or interfere significantly with the proper assessment of safety and toxicity of the prescribed regimens. * Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to: * Ongoing or active infection. * Symptomatic congestive heart failure. * Unstable angina pectoris. * Cardiac arrhythmia. * Or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Response Rate | 3 years | Overall response rate (ORR) defined as a partial response (PR), very good partial response (VGPR), complete response (CR) or stringent CR (sCR). CR and sCR are defined in Outcome 2. VGPR requires: serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis OR \>= 90% reduction in serum M-protein and urine M-protein \<100 mg/24 h. If the only measurable disease is FLC, a \>90% reduction in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. PR requires: if present at baseline, \>= 50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M-protein by \>= 90% or to \<200 mg/24hrs. If the only measurable disease is FLC, a ≥50% reduction in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. If the only measurable disease is BM, a ≥ 50% reduction in BM PCs (provided the baseline PCs was ≥ 30%). If present at baseline, ≥ 50% reduction in the size (SPD) of soft tissue plasmacytomas. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Patients Achieving CR | 3 years | Will be estimated by the number of patients who achieve a sCR or CR divided by the total number of evaluable patients. Complete Response (CR) is defined by all of the following: negative immunofixation of serum and urine; disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytoma; \<5% PCs in bone marrow; and if the only measurable disease is Free Light Chain (FLC), a normal FLC ratio. Stringent Complete Response (sCR) is defined as CR plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal circulating plasma cells (PCs) immunohistochemistry or 2- to 4- color flow cytometry. |
| Progression-free Survival (PFS) | 3 years | PFS is defined as the time from registration to time of disease progression or death due to any cause. |
| Count of Patients That Experienced a Grade 3 or Greater Adverse Events | 37 months | The maximum grade for each type of adverse event will be recorded for each patient, and frequency tables will be reviewed to determine patterns. The table of these events is located in the adverse events section of this report. |
| Overall Survival (OS) | 62 months | OS is defined as the time from registration to death due to any cause. |
Countries
United States
Participant flow
Participants by arm
| Arm | Count |
|---|---|
| Treatment Patients receive dexamethasone IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2 and IV on day 1 and PO on days 8, 15, and 22 of subsequent cycles and elotuzumab IV on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-2 and day 1 of subsequent cycles. Patients also receive pomalidomide PO on days 1-21. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. | 37 |
| Total | 37 |
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | Treatment |
|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | 70 years |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Hispanic or Latino | 1 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Not Hispanic or Latino | 35 Participants |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 1 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Asian | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Black or African American | 8 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) More than one race | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) Unknown or Not Reported | 0 Participants |
| Race (NIH/OMB) White | 29 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 16 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 21 Participants |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk |
|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 18 / 37 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 37 / 37 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 12 / 37 |
Outcome results
Primary
Overall Response Rate
Overall response rate (ORR) defined as a partial response (PR), very good partial response (VGPR), complete response (CR) or stringent CR (sCR). CR and sCR are defined in Outcome 2. VGPR requires: serum and urine M-protein detectable by immunofixation but not on electrophoresis OR \>= 90% reduction in serum M-protein and urine M-protein \<100 mg/24 h. If the only measurable disease is FLC, a \>90% reduction in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. PR requires: if present at baseline, \>= 50% reduction of serum M-protein and reduction in 24-hour urinary M-protein by \>= 90% or to \<200 mg/24hrs. If the only measurable disease is FLC, a ≥50% reduction in the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC levels. If the only measurable disease is BM, a ≥ 50% reduction in BM PCs (provided the baseline PCs was ≥ 30%). If present at baseline, ≥ 50% reduction in the size (SPD) of soft tissue plasmacytomas.
Time frame: 3 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Overall Response Rate | 0.35 proportion of participants |
Secondary
Count of Patients That Experienced a Grade 3 or Greater Adverse Events
The maximum grade for each type of adverse event will be recorded for each patient, and frequency tables will be reviewed to determine patterns. The table of these events is located in the adverse events section of this report.
Time frame: 37 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (COUNT_OF_PARTICIPANTS) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Count of Patients That Experienced a Grade 3 or Greater Adverse Events | 27 Participants |
Secondary
Overall Survival (OS)
OS is defined as the time from registration to death due to any cause.
Time frame: 62 months
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Overall Survival (OS) | 56.7 Months |
Secondary
Percentage of Patients Achieving CR
Will be estimated by the number of patients who achieve a sCR or CR divided by the total number of evaluable patients. Complete Response (CR) is defined by all of the following: negative immunofixation of serum and urine; disappearance of any soft tissue plasmacytoma; \<5% PCs in bone marrow; and if the only measurable disease is Free Light Chain (FLC), a normal FLC ratio. Stringent Complete Response (sCR) is defined as CR plus normal FLC ratio and absence of clonal circulating plasma cells (PCs) immunohistochemistry or 2- to 4- color flow cytometry.
Time frame: 3 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (NUMBER) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Percentage of Patients Achieving CR | 0 percentage of patients who achieve CR |
Secondary
Progression-free Survival (PFS)
PFS is defined as the time from registration to time of disease progression or death due to any cause.
Time frame: 3 years
| Arm | Measure | Value (MEDIAN) |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Progression-free Survival (PFS) | 3.7 months |