Deglutition, Physiology
Conditions
Keywords
Non-invasive brain stimulation, Swallowing, Metaplasticity
Brief summary
The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of giving 2 doses of brain stimulation through repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on swallowing neurophysiology (brain function) in healthy adults.
Detailed description
Recent studies have suggested that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), which is a well-established and tried and tested non-invasive (no surgical procedures involved) brain stimulation technique that can vary brain activities, may be used as a treatment for patients with swallowing difficulties. However, results have also showed that the response to the treatment is different among individuals. A possible explanation for this variation is related to the brain's level of activity preceding rTMS. The hypothesis of this study is that this variation may be minimized by regulating the brain state with an additional dose of rTMS prior to the intended rTMS session (preconditioned rTMS). This may subsequently improve the outcomes of rTMS. Therefore, this study aims to better regulate the response of the brain to rTMS. The findings of this study will provide the basis for future development of optimal rTMS treatment protocols for patients with swallowing difficulties.
Interventions
DEVICErTMS
rTMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. It can regulate brain activities with electrical pulses sent to the brain through electromagnetic induction.
Sponsors
University of Manchester
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Healthy volunteers aged 18 years old or above; and * No medical complications or significant past medical history
Exclusion criteria
* History of epilepsy; * Previous history of neurosurgery; * Previous swallowing problem; * Implanted brain electrodes, cardiac pacemaker; or * Use of medications (predominantly taking multiple anti-depressants) that lower neural threshold
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pharyngeal motor evoked potentials (PMEPs) | Change from baseline up to 150 minutes after rTMS | Motor evoked potentials from the pharynx will be elicited by single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation and recorded. |
| Thenar (hand) motor evoked potentials (TMEPs) | Change from baseline up to 150 minutes after rTMS | Motor evoked potentials from the hand will be elicited by single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation and recorded. |
Countries
United Kingdom
Outcome results
None listed