Developmental Coordination Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
motor development, toddler, prediction
Brief summary
The aim of this study is to map the early development of children with DCD and compare it to typically developing (TD) children. At first we will investigate to what extent motor delay, reduced force, higher BMI, behavioral, ADL and participation problems occur in toddlerhood in DCD children and how this relates to TD children. We will also look into the evolution of these parameters in time (stability of development). Secondly we will explore if the diagnosis of DCD can be predicted using a standardized test before the age of five.
Detailed description
A longitudinal study design enables us to assess children at three different ages (3y, 4y and 5y). Assessment scores (AIMS or/and BSID) before the age of three will be retrieved retrospectively in the clinical group.
Interventions
OTHERTest Battery
All toddlers (DCD children + TD children) included in the study will be tested at three points in time, that is at the age of 3y, 4y and 5y with an extensive test battery. Questionnaires will be filled in by parents and teachers. Children will be tested using different instruments.
Sponsors
University Ghent
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
OTHER
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
3 Years to 5 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
DCD group: 1. The multidisciplinary team of the Center of Developmental Disabilities reports that the child has DCD or is at-risk for developing DCD and this at the age of 2 and/or 3 years. 2. At least one parent speaks Dutch to the child Inclusion Criteria controlgroup: 1. The child is three years of age at the moment of the first testing 2. Little-DCD-Q score ≥ 55 at 3y 3. M-ABC-2 percentilescore ≥25 at 3y 4. No medical diagnoses possibly influencing the motor development (DCD, ADHD, ASS, CP,…) 5. No history of developmental motor stimulation (therapy) and/or support 6. Gestational age ≥37w 7. Birthweight ≥2500g 8. At least one parent speaks Dutch to the child
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Developmental Coordination Disorder | This will be assessed at the age of 5 years. | Presence or absence of a diagnosis of DCD as defined by the DSM-V diagnostic criteria. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Beery-Buktenica Developmental test of Visual-Motor Integration 6 | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The Beery-VMI-6 measures the visual-motor integration skills and consists of three subtests (visual-motor integration, motor coordination and visual perception). |
| Child Behaviour CheckList | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The CBCL consists of 120 items (3-pointscale) questioning the child's behavior. Two versions are available (teacher and parent) in two age-ranges (1.5y - 6y and 6y - 18y). The absence or presence of features of emotional disorder, anxiety disorder, AD(H)D, OCD, CD and somatic disorder are examined. Both versions (parent + teacher) within the age-range 1.5 - 6y will be used. |
| Functional Strength Measurement | This will be assessed at the age of 4 and 5 years. | The FSM is a Dutch test assessing functional force in children 4 to 12y. The test consists of 8 items in two domains (upper extremity and lower extremity). Scores are presented either by limb (upper or lower limb) and/or by type of force (explosive power/endurance). |
| Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | YC-PEM is a questionnaire for parents of children aged 0 to 6y. The test consists of 73 items on three participation scales (frequency, involvement and desire to change) and one environment scale (amount of support by environment) measured in three domains (home, kindergarden/school and community). |
| Little-DCD-Questionnaire | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The L-DCD-Q-NL originates in Israel and was designed for children 3 to 4y. It is a revision of the DCD-Q for older children. The Flemish translation expanded the age category from 3 to 5y. The L-DCD-Q is a parental questionnaire scoring 15 activities using a 5-point-Likert scale. |
| Movement Assessment Battery For children 2 - Dutch Version | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The M-ABC-2-NL is a motor assessment battery for children age 3 to 16y including three subtests (manual dexterity, ball skills and balance). The test battery was translated to Dutch and Dutch-Flemish norms are available. |
| DCD-Daily Questionnaire | This will be assessed at the age of 5 years. | The DCD-Daily-Q is a Dutch parental questionnaire (5 - 8y) consisting of 23 ADL-activities (3-point scale) in three domains: how often the child participates (participation scale), how well the child performs (quality scale) and the time the child needs to learn new skills (learning scale). |
| Body Mass Index | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | Height and weight will be determined. |
| Social Communication Questionnaire | This will be assessed at the age of 5 years. | SCQ is a parental screening questionnaire for autism in children aged 4 years or older. The questionnaire consists of 40 yes/no questions. |
| Teacher report form | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The TRFconsists of 120 items (3-pointscale) questioning the child's behavior. Two versions are available (teacher and parent) in two age-ranges (1.5y - 6y and 6y - 18y). The absence or presence of features of emotional disorder, anxiety disorder, AD(H)D, OCD, CD and somatic disorder are examined. |
| Motor Skills Checklist (VMVK) | This will be assessed at the age of 3, 4 and 5 years. | The VMVK is a Flemish teacher questionnaire consisting of 28 ADL-activities scored using a 4-point-scale. Norms are available for children age 3 to 5y. |
Countries
Belgium
Outcome results
None listed