Schizophrenia
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the mean number of schizophrenia-related hospital admissions, in adult participants with schizophrenia, occurred during 12 months before and 12 months after initiation of Paliperidone Palmitate 1-month formulation treatment.
Interventions
DRUGOral Antipsychotics (OAPs)
No study treatment will be administered as a part of this study. Participants will receive OAPs (such as olanzapine, risperidone, paliperidone, aripiprazole or quetiapine) as per their usual clinical practice.
DRUGPaliperidone Palmitate 1-Month Formulation (PP1M)
No study treatment will be administered as a part of this study. Participants will receive PP1M as per their usual clinical practice.
Sponsors
Janssen-Cilag Farmaceutica Ltda.
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Must have a confirmed diagnosis schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9th Edition codes, or the correspondent ICD-10 codes if applicable * Must have been treated with oral antipsychotics (OAPs) and who switched to paliperidone palmitate 1-month formulation (PP1M) due to poor adherence, or lack of efficacy (no significant symptom reduction, as judged by the treating physician, at maximum recommended dose of an antipsychotic for 6 weeks), or participants' choice, or unknown reason when the switch has not been clearly justified * Had been treated with OAPs for at least 12 months prior to switching to PP1M. During the treatment with OAPs, dose adjustments were allowed. Participants should have been treated with PP1M for at least 4 consecutive months after the switch * Must have available information concerning the annual schizophrenia-related hospitalizations before and after initiation of PP1M treatment during the observation period, and with the indication of PP1M initiation in their medical charts * Must be being treated at an ambulatory setting at study entry
Exclusion criteria
* Participants with schizophrenia resistant to treatment (TR). TR is defined for the purpose of this study by at least two failed adequate trials with different antipsychotics (at maximal antipsychotic efficacious label dose for 4 to 6 consecutive weeks) * Participants that used clozapine as treatment for schizophrenia in any given period prior to or during the observation period, independently of other concomitant psychotropic medication * Participants who have participated in a clinical trial during the observation period * Participants that switched to PP1M before the 31st of July 2014, that is in the first 6 months after it was available for reimbursement in Portugal
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Number of Schizophrenia-Related Hospital Admissions Occurred During 12 Months of OAP Treatment Prior to PP1M Treatment | Approximately 12 months | Mean number of schizophrenia-related hospital admissions occurred during 12 months of oral antipsychotics (OAP) treatment prior to initiation of Paliperidone Palmitate 1-Month Formulation (PP1M) treatment will be reported. Mean number of Schizophrenia-related hospital admissions will be calculated as: number of hospital admissions divided by total number of participants. |
| Mean Number of Schizophrenia-Related Hospital Admissions Occurred During 12 Months After Initiation of PP1M Treatment | Approximately 12 months | Mean number of schizophrenia-related hospital admissions occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. Mean number of Schizophrenia-related hospital admissions will be calculated as: number of hospital admissions divided by total number of participants. |
| Mean Change of Schizophrenia-Related Hospital Admissions Between Periods | Approximately 24 months | Mean change of schizophrenia-related hospital admissions occurred between periods (during 12 months of OAP treatment prior and 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mean Change of Hospital Admissions Between Periods for the Subgroup of Participants That Discontinued Before Completing 12 Months of PP1M Treatment | Approximately 24 months | Mean change of hospital admissions occurred for the subgroup of participants that discontinued before completing 12 months of PP1M treatment between periods (during 12 months of OAP treatment prior and after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Mean Length of Hospitalizations | Approximately 24 months | Mean length of hospitalizations occurred during 12 months after initiation of OAP treatment and the mean length of hospitalizations occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Mean Change in Length of Hospitalizations Between Periods | Approximately 24 months | Mean change in length of hospitalizations between periods (occurred during 12 months after initiation of OAP treatment and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Mean Cumulative Length of Hospitalizations | Approximately 24 months | The mean cumulative length of hospitalizations occurred during 12 months after initiation of OAP treatment and the mean length of hospitalizations occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Mean Change in Cumulative Length of Hospitalizations Between Periods | Approximately 24 months | Mean change in cumulative length of hospitalizations between periods (occurred during 12 months after initiation of OAP treatment and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Hospitalization Rate per Patient-Years | Approximately 24 months | The hospitalization rate per patient-year will be calculated as: Hospitalization rate per patient-years = Number of hospitalizations in the treatment period divided by total follow-up time in the treatment period where the total follow-up time corresponds to the cumulative follow-up time of all included participants in the treatment period. |
| Mean Number of Emergency Psychiatric Visits | Approximately 24 months | The mean number of emergency psychiatric visits occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and the mean number of emergency psychiatric visits occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Mean Number of Hospital Admissions Occurred During 12 Months of OAP Treatment Prior to PP1M and During 12 Months After Initiation of PP1M Treatment for the Subgroup of Participants that Completed 12 Months of PP1M Treatment | Approximately 24 months | Mean number of hospital admissions occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment for the subgroup of participants that completed 12 months of PP1M treatment will be reported. Mean number of hospital admissions will be calculated as: number of hospital admissions divided by total number of participants. |
| Percentage of Participants Hospitalized | Approximately 24 months | Percentage of participants hospitalized during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and the percentage of participants hospitalized during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Change in Percentages of Participants Hospitalized Between Periods (Hospitalization Reduction Percentage) | Approximately 24 months | Change in percentage of participants hospitalized between periods (percentage of participants hospitalized during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and the percentage of participants hospitalized during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Percentage of Outpatient Psychiatric Consultations | Approximately 24 months | Percentage of outpatient psychiatric consultations occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and the percentage of outpatient psychiatric consultations occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Change in Percentage of Outpatient Psychiatric Consultations Between Periods | Approximately 24 months | Change in percentage of outpatient psychiatric consultations between periods (occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Percentage of Relapse with Different Causes | Approximately 24 months | Percentage of relapse with different causes occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and the percentage of relapse occurred during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment will be reported. |
| Change in Percentages of Relapse Between Periods with Different Causes | Approximately 24 months | Change in percentage of relapse between periods with different causes (occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Percentage of Participants who Discontinued PP1M Treatment with Different Reasons for Discontinuation Before and After Completing 12 Months of Treatment | Approximately 24 months | Percentage of participants who discontinued PP1M treatment with different reasons for discontinuation (such as, lack of efficacy, tolerability issues or other) before and after completing 12 months of treatment will be reported. |
| Mean Change in Emergency Psychiatric Visits Between Periods | Approximately 24 months | Mean change in emergency psychiatric visits between periods (occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Mean Change of Hospital Admissions Between Periods for the Subgroup of Participants that Completed 12 Months of PP1M Treatment | Approximately 24 months | Mean change of hospital admissions occurred for the subgroup of participants that completed 12 months of PP1M between periods (during 12 months of OAP treatment prior and after initiation of PP1M treatment) will be reported. |
| Mean Number of Hospital Admissions Occurred During 12 Months of OAP Treatment Prior to PP1M and During 12 Months After Initiation of PP1M Treatment for the Subgroup of Participants that Discontinued Before Completing 12 Months of PP1M Treatment | Approximately 24 months | Mean number of hospital admissions occurred during 12 months of OAP treatment prior to PP1M and during 12 months after initiation of PP1M treatment for the subgroup of participants that discontinued before completing 12 months of PP1M treatment will be reported. Mean number of hospital admissions will be calculated as: number of hospital admissions divided by total number of participants. |
Countries
Portugal
Outcome results
None listed