Articulation Disorders, Developmental, Articulation Disorders in Children, Developmental Phonological Disorder, Phonological Disorder, Phonology Disorder, Phonology Impairment, Speech Delay, Speech Disorders, Speech Sound Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
treatment, efficacy, efficiency, late-acquired sounds
Brief summary
Late-acquired sounds, such as /r/ are difficult to learn and many children experience persistent errors on these sounds. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether treating these sounds earlier in the child's life may result in better outcomes.
Detailed description
Late-acquired sounds, such as /r/ are difficult to learn and many children experience persistent errors on these sounds. However, these sounds are often treated later in a child's life because they are not expected to be fully acquired until quite late--age 7-8 for some sounds. This practice places treatment in a time of the child's development in which they struggle to learn new sounds.The purpose of the present study is to determine whether treating these sounds earlier in the child's life may result in better outcomes, and to examine treatment efficacy and efficiency for two methods of treatment.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALarticulation therapy
children receive instruction in producing new sounds at the isolation, syllable and word level.
BEHAVIORALphonologic treatment
children receive instruction in producing new sounds at the word level
Sponsors
University of Wyoming
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Young children (age 4-5) and Old children (age 7-8) will be enrolled in either a Motoric behavioral treatment arm or phonological treatment arm.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
4 Years to 8 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Inclusionary Criteria: * Normal Hearing * Typical Receptive Language * Speech Sound Disorder * No motor speech impairment * Typical non-verbal intelligence * Produces at least one late-acquired sound with \<7% accuracy * Monolingual English-speaking * Typical in terms of motoric and neurological development Exclusionary Criteria: * Neurological disorder * Hearing loss * Nonverbal IQ \< 16th percentile
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment Efficacy: Number of correct productions of treated speech sounds in treatment words | baseline until accuracy criterion is met; up to 18 weeks after final baseline session | Accurate Production of treatment sound at baseline and at posttest |
| Treatment Efficiency: Number of sessions required to meet accuracy criteria | baseline until accuracy criterion is met; up to 18 weeks after final baseline session | Number of treatment sessions required to meet accuracy criteria (90% accuracy across three consecutive sessions or a maximum of 35 treatment sessions) |
| Session Length: Mean duration of sessions in minutes | First treatment session until final treatment session. Final treatment session occurs when accuracy of treatment sound is met (90% accuracy across three consecutive sessions or a maximum of 35 treatment sessions) | Start and end time of session is recorded on scoresheet, then number of minutes for each session for each participant is found and the mean across all sessions is calculated. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Accuracy of production of untreated sounds measured on pretest and posttest probes | baseline and at posttest up to 18 weeks after final baseline session | Some children may generalize their skills learned through treatment to sounds that were not treated in the trial. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed