Chronic Renal Failure, Xerostomia
Conditions
Brief summary
End-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis can present alteration in flow, concentrations and composition of saliva affecting oral health. This randomized placebo-controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) in salivary parameters in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients undergoing hemodialysis. Forty-four patients with CRF on hemodialysis self-responded two questionnaires for oral health and salivary gland function perception. Thereafter, patients were clinically evaluated for the diagnosis of hypofunction of salivary glands and were randomly allocated into two groups: PBM group (n = 21), which received three irradiations of laser at ʎ = 808 nm, 100 mW, 142 J/cm2 and 4 J per point; and a placebo group (n = 17) that consisted of laser protocol with the device switched off. Patients were first submitted to sialometry and after to PBM or placebo intervention at baseline, 7 and 14 days. Non-stimulated and stimulated saliva were collected for salivary volume investigation and biochemical analysis of total protein, calcium and urea concentrations.
Interventions
RADIATIONPhotobiomodulation
Patients received three irradiations of laser at ʎ = 808 nm, 100 mW, 142 J/cm2 and 4 J per point.
RADIATIONPlacebo
The same laser protocol was followed but with the device switched off.
Sponsors
University of Nove de Julho
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Investigator)
Masking description
Only one researcher knew in which group the patients were allocated and performed all the treatments. A blinded researcher performed all the evaluations after the procedures. The patient was also blinded to the treatment as the laser was turned off, simulating the treatment.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Stable cardiopulmonary and neurological conditions; * Hb\> 10.9 g / dl and Hematocrit\> 33; * Absence of acute systemic infectious processes; * Blood pressure \<140 mmHg and PAd \<90 mmHg in at least two measurements in two subsequent dialysis; * No hypervolemia; * Patients over 18 years-old; * Signed a statement of informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients in intensive care unit; * Hemodynamic instability, signs and symptoms of uremic syndrome related to the cardiovascular and neurological systems; * Presence of acute systemic infectious processes; * Presence of acute cardiovascular disease, systolic blood pressure \> 141 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure \> 91 mmHg; * Significant anemia (Hb \<11 g / dl and Hto \<33%); * Photosensitivity; * Pregnancy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Sialometry (measurement of the amount of produced saliva before and after treatment) | Baseline, 7 days and 14 days. | Non-stimulated salivary collection was obtained with patient seated with heads slightly forward and a graduated collector tube positioned under the lower lip for 5 minutes to collect saliva. To obtain the stimulated saliva, patients stayed in the same position and chewed a piece of silicone of a standard size for 5 minutes. All the saliva produced was dispensed in another graduated tube. Salivary volumes were calculated using the difference in weight before and after collection provided a ratio with the volume in milliliters of expelled saliva. An analysis of salivary total proteins, urea and calcium levels were quantified in triplicates using colorimetric analysis with commercially available kits (Bioclin, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais,Brazil) and a spectrophotometer (Anthos 2020 - Asys - Austria) end point methods The absorbance for each marker was measured using the wavelength indicated by manufacture. |
Outcome results
None listed