Feeding Behavior
Conditions
Brief summary
The aim of the study is to determine the effect of varying both the portion size and the appeal (palatability and presentation) of foods served to preschool children at a meal on the outcomes of food and energy intake at the meal.
Interventions
OTHERSmaller Portion Size and Standard Appeal (non-divided plate)
Food with Smaller Portion Size and Standard Appeal on a non-divided plate
OTHERSmaller Portion Size and Enhanced Appeal (divided plate)
Food with Smaller Portion Size and Enhanced Appeal on a divided plate
OTHERLarger Portion Size and Standard Appeal (non-divided plate)
Food with Larger Portion Size and Standard Appeal on a non-divided plate
OTHERLarger Portion Size and Enhanced Appeal (divided plate)
Food with Larger Portion Size and Enhanced Appeal on a divided plate
OTHERSmaller Portion Size and Standard Appeal (divided plate)
Food with Smaller Portion Size and Standard Appeal on a divided plate
Sponsors
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Penn State University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
3 Years to 5 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Children who are enrolled in a scheduled classroom of the designated childcare centers
Exclusion criteria
* Children who are allergic to any of the foods served * Children whose diets exclude any of the foods served * Children who will not be present at the childcare center for all of the scheduled study days
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Difference between interventions in meal energy intake | Study weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 | Energy consumed at the meal (kcal) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Difference between interventions in food intake | Study weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 | Weight of food consumed at the meal (g) |
| Difference between interventions in meal energy density | Study weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 | Energy density of the food consumed at the meal (kcal/g) |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Liking of food served at the meal | Study week 6 | The Yummy-Yucky Cartoon Faces Scale (1=Yucky, 2=Just Okay, and 3=Yummy) |
| Preference of plate and vegetables served at the meal | Study week 6 | Preferred version of plate (1=non-divided plate, 2=divided plate), broccoli (1=standard appeal, 2=enhanced appeal), and corn (1=standard appeal, 2=enhanced appeal) of the two versions presented |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed