Diabetes, Gestational, Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy
Conditions
Keywords
diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, pregnancy outcomes
Brief summary
To compare the clinical, glycemic profile and therapy as well as pregnancy complications and infant mortality among diabetic mothers in Indonesia.
Detailed description
Pregnancy is a diabetogenic state with increasing burden on the mother's metabolism. Insulin resistance is often found during pregnancy leading to a compensatory increase in pancreatic β-cell response and eventually hyperinsulinemia. Undiagnosed and untreated diabetes in pregnancy have been shown to be linked with numerous comorbidities and complications to both mother and foetus. This study aims to compare the clinical, glycemic profile along with comorbidities, management and outcomes of diabetic mothers. Pregnant mothers with gestational and pregestational diabetes diagnosed under the ICD-10 coding of O24 were included in this study. The inclusion criteria was all patients with primary diagnosis of O24, have visited the clinic at least twice with a complete record of glycemic profile, management and fetal outcomes.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTMedical Nutrition Therapy
Only given medical nutrition therapy.
DRUGInsulin
Prescribed with rapid acting, intermediate acting, mixed or long acting insulin.
DRUGOral Antidiabetics
Prescribed with all types of oral anti-diabetics.
Sponsors
Hermina Podomoro Hospital
Tarumanagara University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of Diabetes in Pregnancy (Gestational and Pregestational diabetes) * Mothers must have visited the clinic at least twice throughout their pregnancy, at least one at the first trimester and one at the third trimester
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnancy is still undergoing * Incomplete record of glycemic profile, management and fetal outcomes
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Infant Body Weight | At time of delivery | Infant Body Weight as recorded in medical records |
| Infant Mortality | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Infant Mortality either due to abortion, intrauterine fetal death or stillbirth as recorded in medical records |
| Gestational Age at Birth | At time of delivery | Infant Gestational at Birth as recorded in medical records |
| Infant Body Length | At time of delivery | Infant Body Length as recorded in medical records |
| APGAR Score | At time of delivery | One and five minute APGAR Scores as recorded in medical records |
| Infant Head Circumference | At time of delivery | Infant Head Circumference as recorded in medical records |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Method of Delivery | At time of delivery | Vaginal Birth or Caesarean Section as recorded in medical records |
| Maternal Mortality | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Maternal death as recorded in medical records |
| Comorbidities | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Comorbid conditions were defined as either concomitant hypertension, anemia, urinary tract infection, preeclampsia/eclampsia, or combinations of them as recorded in medical records |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Random Plasma Glucose | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Random Plasma Glucose levels as recorded in medical records |
| Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels as recorded in medical records |
| Oral Glucose Tolerance Test | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Oral Glucose Tolerance Test levels as recorded in medical records |
| Fasting Plasma Glucose | Throughout the length of pregnancy, an average of 9 months | Fasting Plasma Glucose levels as recorded in medical records |
Outcome results
None listed